Each enzyme has an amino acid sequence; this results in every enzyme having a different shape. Only one type of substrate can fit into the active site, making an enzyme specific to a reaction. Once the substrate is attached it is turned into products
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What causes mutations?
Mutations occur spontaneously, because of exposure to radiation and chemicals, for example the tar in cigarettes. The DNA base sequence is changed so the amino acid sequence for a particular protein is changed and that protein is no longer made.
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What is Q10 formula and what does it show?
RATE at higher temperature divided by RATE at lower temperature. The temperature coefficient is the effect of temperature on the rate of a reaction.
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What are the functions of proteins?
They can be structural, such as collagen, carrier molecules, like haemoglobin, hormones, for instance insulin, and enzymes.
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What are enzymes?
They are biological catalysts that catalyse most chemical reactions occurring within cells, such as respiration, photosynthesis and protein synthesis.
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What can cause the lock and key mechanism to stop working?
Extreme pH and temperature can cause an irreversible change in the shape of the active site (it is denatured). So the substrate no longer fits and the enzyme cannot catalyse a reaction.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What causes mutations?
Back
Mutations occur spontaneously, because of exposure to radiation and chemicals, for example the tar in cigarettes. The DNA base sequence is changed so the amino acid sequence for a particular protein is changed and that protein is no longer made.
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