Why do liver and muscle cells have large number of mitochondria?
Because tissues and organs that need a lot of energy have large numbers of mitochondria in their cells.
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What is the structure of DNA?
Two strands coiled to form a double helix, each strand containing chemicals called bases, of which there are four different types, with cross links between the strands formed by pairs of bases.
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What are Chromosomes?
Long coils of DNA divided into regions called genes.
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What two properties do all genes have?
Different sequence of bases and codes for particular proteins.
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How did Watson and Crick use data from other scientists to build a model of DNA?
X-ray data showing that there were two chains and that bases occured in pairs.
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Where are proteins made?
In the cytoplasm.
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Why is a copy of the gene needed?
Because the gene itself cannot leave the nucleus.
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What structures in cells are too small to be seen under a microscope?
Ribosomes.
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What are ribosomes and where are they?
They are in the cytoplasm and are the site of protein synthesis.
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What are the four bases of DNA and what are the pairings?
A - T and C - G.
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How is protein structure determined by the DNA base code?
The base sequence determines amino acid sequence and each amino acid is coded for by a sequence of 3 bases.
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How is the code needed to produce a protein carried from DNA to the ribosomes?
By a molecule called mRNA.
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How does DNA control the functions of the cell?
DNA controls protein production, some of which are enzymes.
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Why are new discoveries, such as Watson and Crick, not accepted or rewarded immediately?
As other scientists could be repeating or testing the work.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the structure of DNA?
Back
Two strands coiled to form a double helix, each strand containing chemicals called bases, of which there are four different types, with cross links between the strands formed by pairs of bases.
Card 3
Front
What are Chromosomes?
Back
Card 4
Front
What two properties do all genes have?
Back
Card 5
Front
How did Watson and Crick use data from other scientists to build a model of DNA?
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