B3 Keywords

?
  • Created by: Jack Old
  • Created on: 29-04-13 22:07
Aseptic
Sterile; free from contamination
1 of 40
Cell membrane
Surrounds cells and controls the movement of chemicals and particals in and out of the cell
2 of 40
Circadian rhythms
Approximately 24-hour cycles that some animals and plants live by
3 of 40
Conditioning
Developing a learned response in association with an exposure to a stimulus
4 of 40
Cytoplasm
Everything inside a cell that is not the nucleus or another component. It is mostly water and usually clear in colour
5 of 40
Differentiation
The process by which a cell becomes specialised to perform a specific function
6 of 40
Diploid
A cell that comtains two copies of each chromosome
7 of 40
Effector
The part of the body, e.g a muscle or gland, that produces a response to a stimulus
8 of 40
Enzyme
A protein molecule and biological catalyst, found in living organisms, which helps chemical reactions take place
9 of 40
Ethologist
A scientist who studies animal behaviour (called ethology)
10 of 40
Eutrophication
The excessive growth and decay of aquatic plants due to the increased levels of nutrients in the water, which results in oxygen levels dropping so fish and other populations die
11 of 40
Evolution
The changes that take place in living things over a very long period of time as they becime better adapted to their environment
12 of 40
Fermentation
The process by which microorganisms obtain energy from a medium and produce other substances through respiration, changing the chemical composition of the medium
13 of 40
Gametes
Sex cells (Sperm and ova)
14 of 40
Genotype
The genetic identity of an organism; especially used in monohybrid inheritance
15 of 40
Habituation
A form of learning; when an animal stops responding
16 of 40
Haploid
A cell that contains just one copy of chromosomes
17 of 40
Hormone
A chemical message produced by an endocrine gland
18 of 40
Immunisation
The process by which a person's body becomes resistant to infection (Can be artificial or natural)
19 of 40
Imprinting
Behaviour seen in young animals (particularly birds) where they copy their arents or the firat animal they see
20 of 40
Infertility
The inability to reproduce
21 of 40
Inheritance
The passing on of features through reproduction
22 of 40
In vitro fertilisation (IVF)
A technique to fertilise an egg in artificial conditions, outside the female's body
23 of 40
Meiosis
A type of division in a cell's nucleus that produces sex cells (gametes)
24 of 40
Microorganism
An organism that can only be seen with a microscope (same as microbe)
25 of 40
Mitosis
A type of division in a cell's nucleus that produces new diploid cells for growth, or to replace damaged cells
26 of 40
Monohybrid inheritance
The genetic inheritance of one characteristic, e.g eye colour
27 of 40
Nephron
The functional unit of the kidney; composed of the glomerulus, the Bowman's capsule and the loop of Henle
28 of 40
Pasteurisation
The process of making milk safe to drink by heating it to high temperatures that kill the microbes. This process was first developed by Loius Pasteur
29 of 40
Pheromones
Chemicals that are used to communicate between animals of the same species (Mainly); naturally produced by animals
30 of 40
Photoperiodicity
The ability of plants to detect the changes in length of daylight. THis allows them to germinate, flower and drop their leaves at the correct time
31 of 40
Prebiotics
Non-digestible foods that stimulate the growth of bacteria in the digestive system
32 of 40
Probiotics
Foods that contain live microorganisms, commonly Lactobactullus abd Bifidobacterium
33 of 40
Transgenic
An organism whose genome has recieved a gene/genes from another organism
34 of 40
Vaccination
The process by which a weakened version of a pathogen is given to a patient to induce an immune response, rendering the person immune to future exposure
35 of 40
Carrier
An individual who carries a 'faulty' allele, but does not suffer from the condition caused by the 'faulty' allele
36 of 40
Monoclonal antibodies
Identical copies of antibodies grown in a laboratory using mouse spleen and tumour cells. They can be used to test for pregnancy, detect blood clots and treat some cancers
37 of 40
Negative feedback
When a substance is produced that opposes a change to a system, which triggers the return of the system to normal. Hormones in the menstrual cycle and kidneys are examples of this
38 of 40
Pentadactyl limb
The pattern of limb bones in tetrapods (vertebrate animals with four legs) that is often used as evidence for evolution
39 of 40
Recombinant DNA technology
The technology of genetic engineering to insert a section of DNA (gene) into a different organism
40 of 40

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Surrounds cells and controls the movement of chemicals and particals in and out of the cell

Back

Cell membrane

Card 3

Front

Approximately 24-hour cycles that some animals and plants live by

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Developing a learned response in association with an exposure to a stimulus

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Everything inside a cell that is not the nucleus or another component. It is mostly water and usually clear in colour

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »