B3 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyNervous system, hormones and behaviourGCSEEdexcel Created by: emilylegallaisCreated on: 18-01-14 14:36 what did Edward jenner discover cowpox and small pox have similar antigens so after being infected with cowpox you were immune to smallpox. (vaccine started) 1 of 21 the first step of immunisation vaccine containing dead pathogen is injected with anitgens on its surface 2 of 21 second step of immunisation lymphocyte and antibody fit perfectly and the antigen is activated 3 of 21 third step of immunisation lymphocyte divides over and over again produces clones of the lymphocyte 4 of 21 fourth step of immunisation lymphocytes secrete large amounts of antibodies. hey stick to antigens and destroy pathogens. 5 of 21 what happens to the remaining antibodies memory lymphocytes stay in blood ready to respond to the immediately 6 of 21 what is monoclonal antibodies monoclonal antibodies are antibodies that carry useful chemical markers or treatments. 7 of 21 where do the set of identical monoclonal antibodies come from hybridoma cells.what 8 of 21 first reason,what can monoclonal antibodies be used for pregnancy tests to identify if the pregnancy hormone is present 9 of 21 another reason; to stick to blood clots or cancer cells so they can be detected and treated 10 of 21 why is monoclonal antibodies more useful than radiotherapy when detecting cancer monoclonal antibodies are more precise and can detect which cells are affected and smaller amounts of drugs are used. 11 of 21 what does the haploid nucleus contain in the egg cell/sperm cell one set of genetic material 12 of 21 what does the cytoplasm contain it contains nutrients that the embryo will use to grow and develop 13 of 21 what does the cell membrane do immediately after fertilastion it changes to block entry of other sperm 14 of 21 what does the middle section of the sperm contain mitochondria that releases energy from the respiration to power tail 15 of 21 whats the acrosome contain in the sperm contains enzymes to digest a way into the egg 16 of 21 name 4 infertility treatments IVF, egg donation, surrogate mother, Hormones 17 of 21 1 advantage/ disadvantage of IVF +useful if a man produces only a few healthy sperm./-IVF babies may be bornearly, which can cuase problems at brith/later 18 of 21 1 advantage/ disadvantage of egg donation +used when woman of couple has eggs in her ovairies/-hormones used to collect eggs may cause a bad reactio. the egg donor may want access ti the child 19 of 21 1 advantage/ disadvantage surrogate mother +used when the woman of the couple cannot grow an embryo in her uterus. - some surrogsate mothers find it hard to give the baby away 20 of 21 +/- of hormones +used when the woman hormones are not enough to cause ovulation/-risk of having several babies at the same time. babies born earlier 21 of 21
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