A species is a group of organisms that can breed together to produce fertile offspring
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What does adaptation of living organisms to their environment increase?
The species’ chance of survival by making it more likely that individuals will survive to reproduce
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What are living organisms dependent on for their survival?
The environment and other species
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What is there between different species of animals or plants in the same habitat?
Competition for resources; light, food, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water
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What impact do changes affecting one species in a food web have?
Can affect other species that are part of the same food web either by if the species number decrease then this will reduce the amount of food available to their predators and decrease predation on their prey
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What is interdependence?
Organisms depending on other organisms
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What can cause a species to become extinct?
A change in the environment may cause a species to become extinct
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What environment changes may cause a species to become extinct?
a. the environmental conditions change beyond the species ability to adapt, b. a new species is a competitor, predator or disease of organisms c. another species (animal, plant or microorganism) in its food web becomes extinct
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Where does the energy all organisms depend on come from?
Energy from the Sun
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What absorbs a small percentage of the Sun’s energy and by which process?
Plants absorb a small percentage of the Sun’s energy for the process of photosynthesis
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What happens to the energy plants absorb?
Stored in the chemicals which make up the plants’ cells
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When is energy transferred between organisms in an ecosystem?
When organisms are eaten and when dead organisms and waste materials are fed on by decay organisms (decomposers and detritivores)
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What limits the length of food chains?
Energy is lost at each stage of the food chain via; heat, waste products and uneaten parts
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What is the equation for the percentage efficiency of energy transfer?
Percentage efficiency = (Energy available to next level ÷ Total energy in) X 100
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How carbon is recycled through the environment?
1. Combustion-releases CO2 into air 2. Respiration-releases CO2 into the air 3. Photosynthesis-removes CO2 from the air into sugars in the plant 4. Eating-passes carbon compounds in organisms along the food chain or web
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What is the importance of the role of microorganisms in the carbon cycle?
Carbon compounds from dead plants and animals are broken down by microorganisms in the soil
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By which processes is nitrogen recycled through the environment?
a. nitrogen fixation - lightening fixes N2 from air into N compounds b.N compounds from soil converted to protein in plants c. Plants eaten by animals transferring nitrogen through food chain. d. excretion, death & decay releases nitrates into soil
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What are the role of microorganisms in the nitrogen cycle?
1.Decomposers breakdown proteins & urea into ammonia 2.Nitrifying bacteria turn ammonia into nitrates (nitrification) 3.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria turn N2 from air into nitrogen compounds for plants 4.Denitirifying bacteria turn nitrates into N2 gas
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How can environmental change can be measured?
Using non-living indicators including; nitrate, temperature and carbon dioxide levels
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How can how climate and environmental change be measured?
Using living indicators including; phytoplankton, lichens and aquatic river organisms such as mayfly nymphs
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What does adaptation of living organisms to their environment increase?
Back
The species’ chance of survival by making it more likely that individuals will survive to reproduce
Card 3
Front
What are living organisms dependent on for their survival?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is there between different species of animals or plants in the same habitat?
Back
Card 5
Front
What impact do changes affecting one species in a food web have?
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