B2- Transporting systems

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  • Created by: Heather
  • Created on: 10-05-14 12:50
What is a double cirulation system in our body?
Two transport system. One carries blood from heart to lungs and back to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. One carries blood around the body and back to your heart again.
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What carries blood away from your hear to the organs of the blood? Why?
arteries as it carries oxygenated blood
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what returns blood from aroudn the body? why?
Veins as it carries deoxygenated blood,
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What is the heart's function?
To pump blood around your body
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What supplies the heart with oxygen?
the coronary artery,
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How does deoxygenated blood enter the heart and its journey through the heart and how does it leave?
Blood enters your heart through the vena cava which is then released into the right atrium and valves release the blood into the right ventricle where it leaves the heart through thr pulmonary artery to the lungs,
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How does oxygenated blood enter the heart and its journey through and how does it leave?
It enters the heart through the pulmonary vein where the blood flows into the left atrium where valves release the blood into the left ventricle where it then leaves the heart through the aorta,
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What are the three blood vessels?
Artery, vein and capillary,
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How is the artey adapted to carry oxygenated blood and other features?
They have thick walls and thick layers of muscleto withstand the high pressured blood and elastic fibres to allow the artey to stretch when a surge of blood passes through. It has a small lumen,
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How are veins adapted to carry deoxygenated blood and other features?
It has relatively thin walls as the blood has lower pressure flowing through the veins. They have a large lumen adn one way valves to prevent the backflow of blood in the opposite direction,
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What are capillaries and what do they link?
They are tiny blood vessels thar link arteries to veins,
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How are capillaries adapted to their role and how does this help?
They have thin walls to there is a short diffusion pathway. They are very thin and tiny so only one blood vessel can pass through at a time which allows easy diffusion,
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What stops arteries from narrowing? (2)
Stents or bypass surgery
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How do stents work?
A baloon is infalted to open the valve up and the stent is over the baloon so when it inflates, it pushes at the walls and keeps the valve open even when the balloon deflates,
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What happens in bypass surgery?
Doctors replace the narrowed or blocked artery with bits of veins from other parts of the body,
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What are the disadvantages of by-pass surgery?
It is expensive and involves anaethetic so expensive still,
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If valves are weakened by pressure, what can doctos do? (2)
Replace them with artificial valves made of titanium or bioligcal valves from pigs or cattle,
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What is the advantage of artificial valves over biological valves?
Artificial valves last longer
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What is the disadvantage of artifical valves over biological valves?
You have to take medicine for the rest of your lifet to prevent blood clots,
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What is the advantage of bioligcal valves over artificial valves?
You don;t have to take medicine and works well,
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What is the disadvantage of bioligcal valves over artificial valves?
They last only 15 years so need to be change more,
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What four components make up the blood?
Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets,
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What does the plasma look like and what does it do?
It is yellow liquid that transports all of your blood cells and other thingss aroung you body
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What two waste products are carried in the plasma?
Carbon dioxide and urea,
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What do red blood cells do?
They pick up oxygen from your lungs
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How are red blood cells adapted to picking up oxygen? How does this help?
They have bioconcave discs which means they have an increase surface area to volume ratio so surface for difussion, they contain haemoglobin that combines with oxygen=effecient, no nucleus=more room for oxygen,
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When the haemoglobin combines with the oxygen, what is formed?
oxyhaemoglobin,
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What is the role of white blood cells?
To protect the body-part of the bodies immune system,
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How do white blood cells protect the body?
Antobodies-phycagocytesCombine with antigens on pathogen, Engulf-Lympacytes engulf the pathogen, Antitoxins- counteract the toxins produced,
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What are platelets?
small fragments of dead cells
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What is the function of platelets? How do they do this?
They clot the blood ar rhe site of a wound by producing protein threads which capture red blood cells and more platelets,
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What carries blood away from your hear to the organs of the blood? Why?

Back

arteries as it carries oxygenated blood

Card 3

Front

what returns blood from aroudn the body? why?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the heart's function?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What supplies the heart with oxygen?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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