B2 FLASH CARDS
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- Created by: Kelly MacDonald
- Created on: 12-05-13 21:23
What's a species?
A group of organisms who can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
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How is energy lost from food chains?
Energy used in growth, respiration, egestion and excretion.
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Why can pyramids of energy and biomass be different shapes?
Depends on weight- dry mass
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How do plants obtain nitrogen from soil?
From the soil to make protein for growth
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What's the role of decomposers in carbon and nitrogen cycles?
Decomposers break down nitrogen compounds in dead plants and animals
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What's the difference between parasitism and mutualism?
parasites feed on or in another organism that suffers as a result of the relationship. Mutualism is when both organisms benefit from the relationship
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What's the difference between the artificial and natural classification systems?
An artificial system is based on 1 or 2 characteristics that make identification easier. Natural is based by evolutionary relationships and is more detailed.
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Why can organisms be similar?
They have evolved to live in the same environment, are closely related
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Problems in constructing pyramids of biomass?
Drymass- organism must be dead for the dry weight.
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Roles of all 4 bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
Decomposers- soil bacteria, convert proteins and urea into ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria- converting the ammonia to nitrates. Denitrifying bacteria- converts nitrates to nitrogen gas, nitrogen fixing bacteria- living in root nodules fix nitrogen gas
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Why do food chains have a limited number of trophic levels?
Amount of energy for each trophic level decreases at each level. Animal at end of food chain doesnt have much food available to it.
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Why do predator and prey show cyclical changes in their numbers?
Predator peaks occur soon after peaks of prey. Takes a while for increased supply of food to allow more predators to survive and reproduced.
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What's an ecological niche?
Describes the habitat that an organism lives in and role in habitat.
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Why do animals who live in colder environments tend to be larger?
Decreased heat loss by decreasing surface area to volume ratio.
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What's the difference between specialists and generalists?
Specialists- well adapted to living in specific habitats, would struggle to live anywhere else. Generalists- can live in several habitats.
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What was Lamarcks theory?
The law of acquired characteristics. E.g giraffes acquired long necks to feed and then passed the characteristic on.
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What was Darwins theory?
Natural selection- within species there's variation, more offspring produced, less will survive, survival of the fittest as competing for resources e.g food. Best adapted survive. Survivors pass on their successful adaptations to their offspring.
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Advantages & disadvantages of using indicator species?
Advantages- cheap, doesn't need equipment that can go wrong, monitors pollution levels over long periods of time. Disadvantages- Using other methods can give more accurate results at any time.
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Three types of pollution that have caused a lot of concern...
Carbon dioxide- burning of fossil fuels, increasing greenhouse effect and global warming. CFC's- from aerosols, which destroy the ozone layer. Sulfur dioxide- burning fossil fuels, causes acid rain.
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What's the importance of genetic variation in species?
Needs to be genetic variation to prevent extinction.
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What are some difficulties in trying to protect whales?
Important to the tourist trade, valuable source of income, body parts are used in makeup, oil etc
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What are some adaptations for animals living in dry conditions?
Usually smaller and have large ears gives them large surface area to volume ratio, can lose more heat. Behavioural adaptions are panting or licking their fur. They may also seek shade during hot parts of the day.
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Why wasn't Darwins theory accepted by some people?
Some people didn't think he had enough evidence and some people believed God created all species.
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The human population of the world is growing at an ever increasing rate... what's this called?
Exponential growth
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What's carbon footprint?
The amount of pollution caused per person or organisation. Measures total greenhouse gas given off by a person or organisation within a certain time.
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What's sustainable development?
Taking enough resources from the environment for current needs, while leaving enough for the future and preventing permanent damage.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How is energy lost from food chains?
Back
Energy used in growth, respiration, egestion and excretion.
Card 3
Front
Why can pyramids of energy and biomass be different shapes?
Back
Card 4
Front
How do plants obtain nitrogen from soil?
Back
Card 5
Front
What's the role of decomposers in carbon and nitrogen cycles?
Back
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