A liquid gel where all the metabolic reactions take place
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What is the cell wall?
Used for protection, strengthens and supports the plants
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What is cellulose?
Specialised sugars in the cell wall
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What is the permanent vacuole?
contains cell sap and keeps the cell turgid.
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What are chloroplasts?
They have a substance called chlorophyll and it's when photosynthesis takes place
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Name 3 microorganisms
Bacteria, yeast and algae
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What are microorgansims made of?
A single cell
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What is algae?
They are a single-celled organism, they re circular and have no vacuole.
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What is the bacterial cell?
All the genetic material are in the cytoplasm
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What is the flagellum used for?
Movement
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What is a slime-capsule?
A layer over the cell wall and it is used to protect viruses.
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What is a specialised cell?
A specific structure that is adapted to carry out a specific function
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What does the egg cell do?
Carry DNA and allows growth of embryo supplying it with nutrients
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what is the respiration word equation?
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
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What is diffusion?
It is the net movement of particles from a high to low concentration
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What are tissues?
Groups of specialised cells with similar structure that work together to perform a particular function
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What is the muscle tissue's function?
For the muscle to contract and relax
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What is the muscle tissue's adaptation?
They have mitochondria for energy. The cells are long and thin- stretchable
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What is a function for an epithelial tissue?
It's for protection
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What are the adaptations of epithelial tissue?
They have goblet cells which produce mucus, traps bacteria going down to the lung. The cilia sweep mucus upwards and keeps dust out.It also forms layers and lines
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What is the function of a glandular tissue?
To release and secrete useful substances.
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What are the adaptations of a glandular tissue?
they have ribosomes which carry out protein sythesis.
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What are organs?
They are made up of many types of tissue.
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How does the stomach show the glandular tissue?
It secretes digestive juices and HCl and releases enzymes.
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How does the stomach show the muscular tissue?
For movement and digestion
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How does the stomach show the epithelial tissue?
Protection of the stomach
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What are the organ systems?
Different types of organs
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How is the mouth related to digestive system?
Salivary glands: secretes saliva and mechanica breakdown: teeth
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What about the oesophagus?
Where the food travels from the mouth to the stomach
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What happens in the stomach?
Where proteins are digested
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What does the liver do?
It secretes bile, which helps the digestion of fats
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What is stored in the gall bladder?
Bile
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What enzymes are in the pancreas?
Protease, lipase and amylase
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What is the function of the small intestine?
Breaking larger molecules into smaller molecules through absorptio
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What is the function of the large intestine?
Where more food moves through and more water is absorbed. This is where undigested food passes
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How does diffusion occur in the small intestine?
Nutrients move from the small intestine (high) through the wall to the blood (low)
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