B2 - Heart and circulatory system

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  • Created by: Tami
  • Created on: 22-03-16 19:55
What are the three types of blood vessels ?
Arteries, capillaries and veins
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What do arteries do ?
Arteries transport oxygenated blood away from the heart (around the body) under high pressure.
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Describe the structure of arteries
The walls are thick, elastic and are muscular to withstand the pressure.
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What do veins do?
Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart under low pressure.
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Describe the structure of veins
The walls contain elastic and muscular tissue but are thinner than those of arteries.They also have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.
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The heart is a "double pump" Explain what this is ?
As one half is pumping oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body, the other half is pumping deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs.
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What do capillaries do?
Gas exchange takes place in the capillaries; Oxygen passes through the capillary wall and into the tissues, carbon dioxide passes from the tissues into the blood at a very low pressure
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Describe the structure of capillaries?
Capillaries are found in the muscles and lungs; They are microscopic and one cell thick.
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What are coronary arteries?
They are arteries to which run over the surface of the heart. They provide the heart with the nutrients and oxygen it needs to contract, and remove waste products.
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What cause coronary heart disease ?
It is caused by the build up of fatty substances in the arteries.
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What are the main lifestyle factors to which increase a person's risk of coronary heart disease?
1)Smoking 2)poor diet (high in saturated fat) 3)misuse of drugs (This includes excessive consumption of alcohol) 4) stress
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What can be done to reduce the risks of coronary heart disease?
To reduce the risk of coronary heart disease a person should : exercise regularly ( this will strengthen the heart muscle, providing a healthy body weight and reducing stress) ,a healthy diet with low saturated fats (This will lower cholesterols)
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What are the risks of having a high blood pressure?
This increases the risk of having strokes or heart disease.
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How is a pulse rate measured?
It is measured in beats per minute.
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How is the heart rate measured?
Heart rate is measured by recording pulse rate. This is the number of pulses as blood passes through an artery close to skin.
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What is a blood pressure measurements?
Blood pressure measurements record the pressure of blood on the walls of an artery. It is measured as millimetres of mercury (mm Hg)
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What are risks of having low blood pressure?
This can cause dizziness and fainting.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do arteries do ?

Back

Arteries transport oxygenated blood away from the heart (around the body) under high pressure.

Card 3

Front

Describe the structure of arteries

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What do veins do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe the structure of veins

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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