b2 glossary terms

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Species
They resemble each other but cannot breed with different species and produce fertile offspring
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Producers
They produce the food in a food chain
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Trophic levels
The stages in a food chain
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Herbivore
An animal that eats plants
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Carnivore
An animal that eats other animals
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Omnivore
An animal that eats plants and animals
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Efficiency
Ratio of useful energy coming out of a food chain compared to the amount of energy that went it
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Decay
To rot
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Decomposers
That decay dead animals and plants
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Nitrifying bacteria
Converts ammonia to nitrates
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Nitrogen fixing bacteria
"fix"nitrogen gass and convert it into ammonia or nitrates and then into amino acids to form proteins
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Denitrifying bacteria
These break down nitrates in the soil and release nitrogen back into the atmosphere
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Niche
The role an organism plays in an ecosystem
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Interspecific competition
Competition between individuals of different species
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Intraspecific competition
Competition between individuals of the same species
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Predator
An animal that preys on (and eats) other animals
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Prey
Animals which are eaten by the predators
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Parasite
Organism which lives on (or inside) the body of another organism (the host)
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Mutualism
A relationship in which both animals benefit
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Adaptations
Features that an organism has to help them survive in their environment
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Specialist
Species which are only suited to one type of habitat
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Generalist
Species which are suited to many types of habitat
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Evolution
The gradual change in organisms over millions of years caused by random mutations
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Extinct
Where all members of a species have died out
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Endangered
A species where the numbers are so low they could soon become extinct
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Natural selection
Process by which "good" characteristics can be passed on in genes and become more common in a population over many years
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Global warming
The increase in the Earth's temperature due to increases in carbon dioxide levels
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Ozone layer
A layer of the Earth's atmosphere that protects us from the Sun's harmful UV rays
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Indicator species
Used to estimate levels of pollution
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Captive breeding
Breeding a species in zoos to maintain the wild population
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Seed banks
A store of seeds to keep rare plants from extinction
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Sustainable resources
A resource that will not run out because it is being produced faster than it is being used
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Sustainable development
Managing resource so that it does not run out
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Conservation
A way of protecting a species or environment
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

They produce the food in a food chain

Back

Producers

Card 3

Front

The stages in a food chain

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

An animal that eats plants

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

An animal that eats other animals

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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