a thin layer around the cell. It controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
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What is a nucleus & what does it do?
a large structure inside the cell. It contains chromosomes, which control the activities of the cell, and how it develops.
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What is a cytoplasm & what does it do?
a jelly-like substance containing many chemicals. Most of the chemical reactions of the cell occur here.
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What are mitochondria & what do they do?
small rod-shaped structures that release energy from sugar during aerobic respiration
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What are ribosomes & what do they do?
small ball-shaped structures in the cytoplasm, where proteins are made.
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The 4 cell parts mentioned are all inside an animal cell. However, a plant cell has 3 other cell parts including those in an animal cell. Name the 3
Cell wall, permanent vacuole, chloroplasts
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What is a cell wall & what does it do?
this is outside the cell membrane. It is made of cellulose, which is strong and supports the cell.
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What is a permanent vacuole & what does it do?
a fluid-filled cavity. The liquid inside is called cell sap, used for support.
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What are chloroplasts & what do they do?
these are small discs found in the cytoplasm. They contain chlorophyll, a green pigment. Chlorophyll traps light energy for photosynthesis.
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Describe Algal cells
Algae are an important group of organism, which includes the seaweeds. Their cell structure is the same as plant cells.
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Describe Bacterial cells
Many of the structures are similar to those of plants or animals. A bacterial cell wall has a similar function to a plant's, but is made of a different chemical. There is no distinct nucleus but the cell does have DNA, which is in the form of a loop.
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Describe Fungal cells
Structures are similar to those of plants & animals. Fungi are larger than bacteria and include important examples like the single-celled yeasts used in bread and beer-making.
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Describe differentiation in cells
Cells become specialised to carry out a particular job, by developing special structures. This is differentiation.
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Give an example of differentiation
Red Blood Cells - these lack most cell structures but contain large amounts of haemoglobin, which allows them to carry oxygen.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a cell membrane & what does it do?
Back
a thin layer around the cell. It controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
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