B1e: Drugs and you

Candidates are exposed to many influences that encourage their natural urge to experiment. This item considers the scientific knowledge and explanations of drugs, their effects and the risks involved. Many drugs are also used legitimately and some of these are considered. This item provides the opportunity to find out about the use of contemporary scientific and technological developments in the detection and analysis of different drugs used in sport. Data from secondary sources can be collected and analysed using ICT tools. There is the opportunity to discuss how scientific knowledge and ideas change over time when investigating the link between smoking and lung cancer. 

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Drugs are always harmful. True or false? why?
False, some drugs are harmful, but others are beneficial. Drugs are dangerous if misused.
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Why are some drugs only available on prescription?
Because they can be very dangerous if mistaken.
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What does addiction mean?
Having a physical need for the drug.
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What does withdrawal symptom mean?
When your body reacts (withdraws) because you aren't getting the drug you addicted too.
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What does tolerance mean?
Tolerance is when your body is so used to having a certain drug, you need a higher dosage to give the same effect.
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What does rehabilitation mean?
This when you get help and support to try and overcome an addiction.
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Give an example of what the body does when withdrawing from something.
Caffeine - Irritability and shaky hands.
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General effects of depressants.
Slows down the brain’s activity.
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General effects of pain killers.
Blocks nerve impulses.
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General effects of stimulants.
Increases the brain’s activity.
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General effects of performance enhancers.
Muscle development.
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General effects of hallucinogens.
Distorts what is seen and heard.
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What seven things can smoking tobacco cause?
Lung cancer, mouth cancer, throat cancer, oesophagus cancer, heart disease, bronchitis and emphysema.
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Describe the effects of carbon monoxide.
Reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood. If a heart muscle doesn't receive enough oxygen, a heart attack can occur.
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What substance causes smoking to be addictive?
Nicotine.
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Describe the effects of tar.
Tar contains toxic chemicals such as carcinogens. It collects in the lung. Carcinogens make mutations in the DNA more likely. If this happens, cell division can go out of control and malignant tumours can form.
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What causes accumulation in lung tissue?
Particulates.
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Short term effects of alcohol on the body. (7)
Impaired judgment, balance and muscle control, blurred vision, slurred speech, drowsiness and increased blood flow to the skin.
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Long term effects of alcohol on the body. (2)
Brain and liver damage.
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why is there a legal limit for the level of alcohol in the blood/breath for drivers and pilots?
Because alcohol impairs the ability of people to control their vehicles properly.
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Explain the basis of the legal classification of drugs.
Class A is the most dangerous with largest penalties. Class C least dangerous with lightest penalties.
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Four examples of class A drugs.
LSD, ecstasy, heroin and cocaine.
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Two examples of class B drugs.
Cannabis and amphetamines.
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Two examples of class C drugs.
Anabolic steroids and tranquillizers.
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Three examples of depressants.
Alcohols, solvents and temazepam.
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What is paracetamol an example of? Give an other example.
Pain killers, aspirin.
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An example of a performance enhancer.
Anabolic steroids.
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An example of a hallucinogen.
LSD.
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What is ecstasy and example of? Give two others.
Stimulants,nicotine and caffeine.
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Explain the action of depressantson the synapses of the nervous system.
Depressants bind with receptor molecules in the membrane of the next neurone blocking the transmission of the impulses. This decreases brain activity.
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Explain the action of stimulants on the synapses of the nervous system.
Stimulants cause more neurotransmitter to cross the synapse, this increases the frequency of the electrical impulses.
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Cigarette smoke affects ciliated epithelial cells lining the what?
Trachea, Bronchi, and Bronchioles.
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Describe how cigarette smoke affects ciliated epithelial cells lining the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles.
Damages the Ciliated epithelial cells so a build up of mucus occurs, as the damaged cells can not move it along.
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Explain why damage to ciliated epithelial cells can lead to a ‘smokers cough’.
The build up of mucus sticks to air passages. The lungs also lose their elasticity causing emphysema.
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Describe how the liver can become damaged as it removes alcohol.
Alcohol is a poison. It is broken down by enzymes in the liver, but some of the products are toxic. If you drink too much alcohol, it can eventually can cause death of liver cells, forming scar tissue that stops blood reaching the liver. (Cirrhosis)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why are some drugs only available on prescription?

Back

Because they can be very dangerous if mistaken.

Card 3

Front

What does addiction mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does withdrawal symptom mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does tolerance mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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