When people can pass Microoganisms from one to another, it is infecious
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What are Microoragnisms which cause disease called ?
Pathogens
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What is a Bacreria ?
Bacteria are single celled organisms made from cytoplasm surrounding by a membrane and cell wall.
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Describe a Virus cell .
They have regular shapes made from a protein coat surrounding simple genetic material.
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How do viruses reproduce ?
They reproduce by taking over another living cell.
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How do pathogens cause disease ?
Once inside the body they reproduce rapidly and bacteria often produce toxins (poisons) which affect your body. Viruses take over the cells in your body ;damaging and destroying them.
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What did Semmelweiss insist on ?
He insisted that doctors wash their hands beofre examining their pateints.
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How did Semmelweiss's ideas help ?
This greatly reduced the number of deaths from infectious diseases in his hospital.
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How do white blood cells defend against pathogens ?
Ingesting Pathogens , Producing antitoxins to neutralise toxins, producing antibodies.
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How can you acquire immunity to a particular disease ?
Small amounts of an inactive on are injected into your body. Your white blood cells produce antibodies to destroy the pathogen.
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Do Antibodies kill bacterial or viral pathogens ?
They kill bacterial pathogens.
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Why don't antibodies kill viral pathogens ?
It is difficult to kill viruses with damaging the body's own tissues.
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What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic ?
An epidemic is a local outbreak of a disease. A pandemic is a global outbreak of a disease.
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When do anti-biotic strains of pathogens occur ?
When pathogens mutate producing a new strain resistant to anti-biotics.
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Which factors contribute to an increase in anti-biotic strains of bacteria ?
Overuse of antibioctics , Prescribing inappropraite antibiotics.
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What happens when a bacterial infection is treated with antibiotics ?
The drugs kill individual pathogens that are non-resistant. Individual resistant pathogens survive and reproduce, so the population of resistant pathogens rises.
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When are antibiotics not used ?
To treat non-serious infections
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What is resistance to anti-biotics a result of ?
The resistance is a result of Natural selection.
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If a large proportion of the population is immune to a pathogen ?
It spreads far less easily.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
When is something Infecious ?
Back
When people can pass Microoganisms from one to another, it is infecious
Card 3
Front
What are Microoragnisms which cause disease called ?
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