B1 B2 B3

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Where are chromosomes found within a cell?
Chromosome are found inside a nucleus.
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What are alleles?
The different versions of the same gene are called alleles.
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How do gene control the different characteristics we develop?
Genes control the development of different characteristics, e.g. hair colour, and how an organism function.
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What do the word Genotype and Phenotype mean?
Genotype mean is all of the genes it has. The characteristics that an organism displays are called its Phenotype.
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Is a person weight is determined by genes, the environment or a combination of both?
A human weight is determined by both factors.
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Name the two types of sex cell?
Sperm and Egg.
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How many chromosomes are found in sex cells?
The sex cells contain 23 single chromosomes.
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Why do most children look a bit like both of their parents but not identical to either?
Childrens get some of their alleles from each of their parents thats why most children are lot bit like both of their parents. However, they can't be identical because they haven't got all the same alleles.
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What is the differences between homozygous and heterozygous?
Homozygous have two same alleles whereas Heterozygous has two different alleles.
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What sex chromosomes do human males have?
A human male have an XY chromosomes: The Y chromosomes causes male characteristics.
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How does a gene on one of the human sex chromosomes cause embryos to develop into males?
The gene that makes an embryo into a male causes a specific protein to be produced.
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Is the allele for cystic fibrosis dominant or recessive?
Cystic fibrosis are caused by Recessive allele.
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What are the symptoms of Cystic fibrosis?
Thick sticky mucus, Breathing difficulties, chest infections and difficulty in digesting food.
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What are the symptoms of Huntington disease?
Tremors, clumsiness, memory loss, mood changes and poor concentration.
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What is the chance of a child inheriting Huntington's disease if one of their parents has one copy of the faulty allele?
50% that the child will inherited by huntington disease.
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During IVF treatment, what is the process of testing embryos to see if they have a genetic disorder called?
Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.
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Describe three issues surrounding genetic testing.
The result of genetic tests may not be 100% accurate. Insurance companies might refuse to give life insurance to people with the 'wrong' alleles. Genetic test on the fluid around a fetus causes a miscarriage in 0.5 to 1% of cases.
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Write a definition of the term 'clone'.
Clones are genetically identical organisms - they have the same genes, and the same alleles of those genes.
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How can the following reproduce asexually: bacteria, plants and animals?
Bacteria reproduce as simply dividing into two by multiplying each time very quickly. Plants produce horizontal stems called runners that move out from the base of the plant and from new clones at their tips. Animals like greenfly can just lay egg.
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How are identical twins are formed?
A single egg is fertilised by a sperm and embryo develop as normal, then they splits into two, and two separate embryos begin to develop. This is how two genetically identical twins were born.
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What are stem cells?
A cell that are unspecialised can develop into different types of cells depending on the instruction that's been given. these are called the stem cells.
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What are the difference between the two main types of stem cells?
The two main types of stem cells are Embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells. The difference is that embryonic can destroy embryos when removing them but this can't be happen in adult cell.
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Describe one way that stem cells could be used to treat illness.
People with some blood disease can be treated by bone marrow transplants which contain adult stem cells that can turn into new blood cells to replace the faulty old ones.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are alleles?

Back

The different versions of the same gene are called alleles.

Card 3

Front

How do gene control the different characteristics we develop?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What do the word Genotype and Phenotype mean?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Is a person weight is determined by genes, the environment or a combination of both?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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