C1 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryCrude oil, cracking and hydrocarbonsGCSEOCR Created by: BeaFarrellCreated on: 22-05-15 11:37 What are fossil fuels? Fuel formed naturally over millions of years 1 of 43 What is a non renewable fuel? A fuel that can't be re used, for example fossil fuels 2 of 43 Where is crude oil found? In the earths crust 3 of 43 Where do the short chains go in the fractioning column? Top of the fractioning column because they are shorter and have weak bonds 4 of 43 What does fractioning do? Crude oil being separated into more useful fractions 5 of 43 What happens at the bottom of the fractioning column? The long chains leaves the column 6 of 43 How can hydrocarbon molecules be described as? Alkanes or alkenes 7 of 43 What does cracking do? The large Alkanes molecules get broken down into more useful chains 8 of 43 What conditions does cracking need? Catalyst, high temp and high pressure 9 of 43 What's in the hydrocarbon? Strong covalent bonds, and weak intermolecular forces 10 of 43 The complete combustion is...? Fuels react with oxygen releasing useful heat energy 11 of 43 What is the symbol equation for combustion? CH4 + 2O2 --> CO2 + 2H2O 12 of 43 What does incomplete combustion do? Burns fuel without oxygen 13 of 43 What is the % of elements in the air today? 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen 1% other gasses 14 of 43 How are the levels of gas in the atmosphere maintained by? Respiration, combustion, photosynthesis 15 of 43 What does respiration and combustion do? Decrease oxygen levels 16 of 43 What does photosynthesis do? Reduce carbon dioxide and gain oxygen 17 of 43 What can soulful dioxide do to pollute the air? Acid rain, erodes stonework 18 of 43 What does burning fossil fuels and deforestation do to the atmosphere? Burning fossils fuels- increases amount of CO2 in atmosphere. Deforestation- amount of photosynthes reduced 19 of 43 How can carbon monoxide be changed into a carbon dioxides? catalic converter 20 of 43 What do hydrocarbons include? Hydrogen and carbon 21 of 43 What bond does Alkanes have? Single covalent bond 22 of 43 Alkenes are... Hydrocarbons with double carbon covalent bond 23 of 43 How can your set to for alkenes? Bromine water 24 of 43 What is polymerisation? Cracking small molecules to be used as monomers 25 of 43 What properties does nylon have? Lightweight, tough, waterproof, blocks UV light 26 of 43 What is goretex? Breathable fabric made from nylon, keeps water out allows sweat out 27 of 43 When a protein changes shape by cooking what does it mean? Denaturing 28 of 43 What foods have lots of protein? Eggs and meat 29 of 43 What does baking powder contain? Sodium hydrogen carbonate 30 of 43 What happens when sodium hydrogen carbonate is heatedly? It decomposes 31 of 43 What do food additives do? Improve the quality of the food 32 of 43 What do the four food additives do? Anti-oxidants - stop food reacting with oxygen. Food colours - improve apprearence. Flavours enhacer - bring out flavour. Emulsifiers - mix oil with water 33 of 43 What are the properties of perfume? Evaporated easily, not toxic, not irritate the, not dissolve 34 of 43 What are the advantages and disadvantages of testing perfumes? Prevent humans a being harmed ----- cruel to animals, animals don't have sames body chemistry 35 of 43 What are components to paint? Pigment - gives colour. Binding mediums- oil that sticks paint to surface. Solvent - makes easier to coat a surface 36 of 43 What can paint be used for? To protect and decorate 37 of 43 What size must the particles in a colloid be? Why? Small because they can stays scattered through the mixtures 38 of 43 What are thermochromic pigments? Change colour when heated or cooled 39 of 43 Where can thermochromic pigments be used? Coat kettles, mood rings, toys or foods to protect baby From too hot food, water etc 40 of 43 What are phospherent pigments used for? They glow in the dark. 41 of 43 How does phospherent pigments work? Absorb light then release it when dark 42 of 43 What were the first to glow in the dark paints made from? Radioactive materials as pigments used for watche 43 of 43
Comments
No comments have yet been made