B1

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what are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
1) cant digest food properly 2) airways become clogged up with mucus 3) more likly to get chest infections 4) short life expectancy
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True or false - cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder
True
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is there acure for cystic fibrosis
there is not cure, but it can be treated with enzyme tablets, antibiotics and physiotherapy
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what is sickle cell disease?
it is wear red bloods cell are not there normal shape meaning they can not carry oxygen and get stuck in cappilaries
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how can sickle cell disease affect the human ?
stop blood reaching the tissue leading to pain and tissue damage. it can also get to the lungs meaning shortness of breath and dizziness
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how is sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis cause?
it is caused by a fault in alleles. it is formed when the person gets two 'recessive' alleles from each parent.
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True or Flase- you only need one recessive allele to get cystic fibrosis?
false- you can have one recessive allele and be a carrier of the disease but not have the disease.
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what is an extreme habitat?
it is an enviroment that has conditions outside the normal. E.G the antarctic
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varitation is the difference between individuals of the same species. what causes variation ?
genetic causes and environmental causes
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What are the characteristics called when environment causes variation in a species
acquired
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what is evolution ?
it is when species become adapted to their environment.
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what happens if the species us not suited to their environment ?
the species becomes extinct
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what are the six steps of Charles Darwin theory of natural selection ?
1) variation 2) over production of their species 3) struggle for existencee E.G food, living space and mates 4) survival- the advantages of characteristic survive 5)inheritance- the better adapted organisms pass on their genes 6) gradual change
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what do humans have in the nucleus of cells?
two sets of chromosomes, 23 pairs.
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how many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23 pairs
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how many chromosomes do humans have?
46
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what are genes?
genes are sections of the chromosomes that control what characteristics we have
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what are chromosomes made up from?
a chemical called DNA
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what is DNA ?
a chemical that makes chromosomes
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what are alleles ?
different version of genes for each set of chromosomes
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what is an dominant allele?
this is the allele that controls the characteristics
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what is a recessive allele?
the allele that ONLY controls the characteristics if it has it on both sets of chromosomes
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why is there genetic variation?
there is genetic variations because there is several combinations of alleles which have different outcomes
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when both alleles are dominant, what are they called?
homozygous dominant
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homozygous recessive means?
both alleles are recessive
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what the names of the alleles if one is dominant and one is recessive?
hetrozygous
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what is family pedigree ?
it is the absence or presence of an specific allele from one generation the another it is shown on a pedigree chart
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what is mono-hybrid?
it is when characteristics are determined by just one pair of alleles.
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how is mono-hybrid shown ?
on a grid (punnet square). they simplify words into letters to show the characteristics. a capital letter is shown for a dominant allele and a lower case letter is shown for a recessive allele. these are called genotypes.
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if a characteristic is showing on an individual, what is this called?
phenotype
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

True or false - cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder

Back

True

Card 3

Front

is there acure for cystic fibrosis

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is sickle cell disease?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

how can sickle cell disease affect the human ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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