B1

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  • Created by: hope
  • Created on: 11-05-14 13:31
Name 2 types of sex cells
Egg and Sperm
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How do genes control the different characteristics we develop?
Each gene is a code for making a certain protein. Proteins are the building blocks of cells. Having different cells mean we end up with different characteristics.
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What is a persons weight determined by?
Environment and Genes
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What is homozygous?
You have to alleles for the same gene e.g: FF or ff
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What is hetrozygous?
2 different alleles for the that particular gene e.g: Ff
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Where are chromosomes found within a cell?
Nucleus
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Chromosomes are found in groups of..
2
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What are alleles
Different versions of the same gene
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2 ways plants produce asexually?
Producing Bulbs and Runner
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An organisms geneotype is...
All of the genes it has
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Fertilised egg is a...
zygote
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What are 3 symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
Sticky Mucus, Breathing Difficulties and Chest Infections
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What are 3 symptoms of huntingtons disease?
Mood Changes, Memory Loss and Shaking
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What is an example of a functional protein?
Digestion
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What is a phenotype?
The characteristics it displays
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What is the number of chromosomes found in a human skin cell?
46
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How many copies of each chromosome would you find in a skin cell?
2
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How many chromosomes found in a human sex cell?
23
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What is the number of copies of each chromosome in a sex cell?
1
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What is an example of a structural protein?
collagen e.g: skin, blood
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What sex chromosomes do males have?
XY
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What sex chromosomes do females have?
**
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Why do children look a bit like both their parents but not identical?
Half of the child chromosomes come from each parent
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How can stem cells be used to treat an illness?
By the bone marrow. E.g: bone marrow contains adult stem cells that turn into new blood cells to replace faulty ones
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What are characteristics an organism has?
Its phenotype
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What do adult stem cells do?
Maintain and Repair old/damaged tissue
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Embryonic and adult stem cells are...
Unspecialised
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White blood cells are
Good
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Red blood cells are
Bad
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Explain animal cloning
Nucleus is removed from the egg, nucleus from adult donor is inserted. The cell is then stimulated and divided. The embryo is produced genetically identical to the donor cell
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3 issues surrounding genetic testing
Insurance companies may refuse to give life insurance, it may cause discrimination and they're not 100% safe - there is a miscarriage risk
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Asexual reproduction is...
When there is only 1 parent, the offspring are genetically identical to eachother
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What are genetic disorders are caused by?
Faulty alleles
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What does one gene determine?
The sex cells you develop
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What can alleles be?
Dominant or Recessive
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What is a characteristics like scars controlled by?
Environmental factors
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What are only some characteristics controlled by? E.g dimples
By only one gene or several genes working together
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What are clones?
Genetically identical organisms
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What gene is cystic fibrosis?
A recessive and faulty gene
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What are chromosomes made of?
Very long molecules of DNA. A gene is a selection of a DNA molecule
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Why are two chromosomes in a pair never identical?
Because they have different alleles
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Each gene is a code for making a certain protein. Proteins are the building blocks of cells. Having different cells mean we end up with different characteristics.

Back

How do genes control the different characteristics we develop?

Card 3

Front

Environment and Genes

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

You have to alleles for the same gene e.g: FF or ff

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

2 different alleles for the that particular gene e.g: Ff

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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