B1-1 Keeping Healthy

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What are the components of a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins/minerals, fibre, and water.
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Why do you get deficiency diseases?
Deficiency diseases are caused by not eating enough of one nutrient.
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Describe the energy "see saw"?
If you eat too much you gain weight, If you eat too little you loose weight.
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What factors affect metabolic rate?
Age, Weather, Gender, Pregnancy, Inherited Factors, Proportion of muscle to fat, Lifestyle
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Which organ makes cholesterol?
The Liver
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Which fats lower blood cholesterol?
Unsaturated Fats (Plant based)
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How does cholesterol cause heart disease?
Plaque sticks on side of artery and restricts blood flow, it can cause a blockage and stop blood from being transported around the body.
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Name two types of pathogen
Bacteria, Virus
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How do bacteria make you feel ill?
They reproduce rapidly inside your body and produce a waste substance called toxins - these make you feel ill.
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How do viruses make you feel ill?
They reproduce inside your body cells, then they burst out destroying the cell, then they "invade" more cells.
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Who was Semmelweiss?
A Hungrian doctor who first made the link between washing hands and the spread of disease.
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What is phagocytosis?
Phagocytosis is where white blood cells engulf the pathogen into their cytoplasm and digest them killing the pathogen.
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What is Lymphocytes?
Lymphocytes are white blood cells which either produce an antibody which kills the pathogen, or a white blood cell which makes antitoxins to counteract the toxins made by the bacteria.
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What are antibiotics?
Antibiotics are drugs which kill bacteria inside your body, without killing your cells.
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What are antivirals?
Drugs which destroy viruses - less common than antibiotics.
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Why should doctors not over prescribe antibiotics?
Doctors should not over prescribe as pathogens may mutate so they can be killed creating super bugs which are antibiotic resistant like MRSA.
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How do you gain immunity?
Immunity is gained when you get infected your white blood cells produce antibodies which kill the pathogen, these are then stored and if you get reinfected they come back and kill the pathogen before you are even ill again.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why do you get deficiency diseases?

Back

Deficiency diseases are caused by not eating enough of one nutrient.

Card 3

Front

Describe the energy "see saw"?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What factors affect metabolic rate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which organ makes cholesterol?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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