B13.4 - DNA & the Genome 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA and inheritanceGCSEAQA Created by: fuzz.yCreated on: 22-10-17 12:00 What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic acid 1 of 18 What are Chromosomes? strands of genetic information 2 of 18 What are Genes? small sections of chromsomes 3 of 18 What are alleles? variant form of a gene 4 of 18 What is a Genotype? genetic code e.g. BB, Bb, bb 5 of 18 What is a phenotype? physical traits e.g. green eye colour 6 of 18 Give an example of a Homozygous Dominant allele? GG 7 of 18 Give an example of a Homozygous Recessive allele? gg 8 of 18 Give an example of a Heterozygous allele? Gg 9 of 18 How many strands make up a molecule DNA? 2 polymer strands 10 of 18 Describe the shape of DNA molecule? Double Helix 11 of 18 Define Genome entire set of genetic material in an organism 12 of 18 When did scientist start the Human Genome Project? 1990s 13 of 18 Give a reason why the H G Project was extended? have a range of DNA + bigger sample group 14 of 18 What were the aims of the H G Project? 1) find out about DNA 2) understand human evolution 3) inherited diseases 15 of 18 What were the advantages of being organised into teams of scientists all around the world to work on the Project? 1) Everyone can look into each part of the Genome therefore a QUICKER RESULT 16 of 18 How can scientists use genome sequencing techniques e.g. H G to establish a classification relationship between two species? Compare similarities + differences in the Genomes to compare relationship between two species 17 of 18 What benefits did the H G Project bring to the science and medical route? 1) genes that are linked to diseases 2) effective treatment for inherited diseases 3) common ancestry - migration of populations 18 of 18
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