B1.1 - Keeping Healthy

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Name the 3 nutrients required for energy
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins
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Name the 2 nutrients required for keepng healthy
Minerals and vitamin ions
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What occurs when more energy is used than is put in?
Weight loss
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What is metabolic rate?
The rate at which chemical reactions take place in your cells
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What 3 things can increase metabolic rate?
High muscel to fat ratio, exercise and inheritance from parents
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Which nutrient releases the most energy per gram?
Fat
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What is protein used for other than providing energy?
Growth and repair
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What can a high cholestrol increase the risk of developing?
A build up of plaque in the arteries
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What does a blood clot in an artery prevent?
The flow of oxegenated blood to the heart
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What is the differecnce between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats raises cholesterol whereas unstaurated fats lower cholesterol
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What is LDL and what dose it cause?
Low density lipoprotien - Casues heart disease
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What is HDL and what dose it prevent?
High density lipoprotien - Prevents heart disease
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What are pathogens?
Microorganisms that cause disease
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Explain how bacteria causes illness
They reproduce inside the body producting toxins
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Explain how viruses causes illness
Reproduce inside a cell they destroy it when they burst out, it then 'invades' other cells
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What is the differene between an epidemic and a pandemic?
An epidemic is a large area affected by the same disease whereas a pandemic is a disease that effects an entire country or the whole world
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What did Semmelwies discover?
Bateria can be transfered from one person to another
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What did Semmelwies do that lowered the death rate in his hospital?
Made all doctors wash their hands in chlorine water
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What is phagocyte?
A type of white blood cell that can surround and engest bacteria
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What do lymphroids produce?
Antibodies
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What do antibodies do?
Kill pathogens
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What do antitoxins do?
Stick to toxins given off by bacteria and destoy them
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Explain the specificness of antibodies and antitoxins
Each kind will only work against a particular pathogen or toxin
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What is th difference between an antibody and an antitoxin
Antibodies destroy bacteria whilst antitoxins destroy toxins
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What is an antibiotic?
A drug that kills bacteria in your body
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What does the overuse of antibiotics lead to?
Resistance- The drug will no longer be effective
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What does the use of antibiotics incresae the chance of?
Mutant bacterium
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What does MMR stand for?
Meases, Mumps and Rubella
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What is a vaccination?
A dead or weakend form of the pathogen that is injected into you making you immune
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How do vaccinations work?
The white blood cells remember which antibody to release if it comes into contact with the same pathogen
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What is a culture?
The microrganisms growing on a nutrient medium
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What temperature should a culture be kept below?
25 degrees celcius
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the 2 nutrients required for keepng healthy

Back

Minerals and vitamin ions

Card 3

Front

What occurs when more energy is used than is put in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is metabolic rate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What 3 things can increase metabolic rate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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