B1 -You & Your Genes Keywords 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA and inheritanceGCSEOCR Created by: parvatiCreated on: 15-11-15 17:57 Genes Sections of DNA that codes for a particular characteristic by controlling the production of a particular protein or part of protein by cells 1 of 21 Proteins A type of chemical with important functions in living organisms 2 of 21 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) A chemical/large polymer molecule found in all of the body cells. Its sequence determines genetic characteristics. 3 of 21 Chromosones Thread-like structures in the cell nucleus that carry genetic information. Each chromosome consists of DNA wound around a core of protein 4 of 21 Genotype An individual genetic make-up, such as whether they are homozygous or hetrozygous for a particular gene 5 of 21 Phenotype A persons observable physical features. The phenotype will depend on the persons genes but also how they interact with the enviroment 6 of 21 Heterozygous An individual who has two different alleles for an inherited characteristic 7 of 21 Homozygous An individual who has two identical alleles for an inherited characteristic 8 of 21 Alleles Different versions of a gene or a pair of chromosomes 9 of 21 Dominant The Allele that is always expressed, irrespective of the other Allele in the pair 10 of 21 Recessive An allele that is only expressed if the other allele in the pair is also recessive; it is hidden if the other allele is dominant 11 of 21 Sex Determining Gene A gene carried on the y sex chromosome that causes a fetus to develop into a male 12 of 21 Embryo An organism in the earliest stages of development which began as a zygote and will become a fetus 13 of 21 Zygote The cell formed by the fusion of a male and female gamete at fertilisation 14 of 21 Pre-implantation genetic diagrams (PGD) Genetic testing of embryos created by IVF for a genetic disorder, so that healthy embryos can be transferred into the mothers uterus 15 of 21 Genetic Testing Testing an individual for a genetic disorder 16 of 21 Genetic Screening Testing large numbers of individuals for a gene, such as a gene for a genetic disorder 17 of 21 Asexual Reproduction Reproduction (creation of offspring) involving only one parent; offspring are genetically identical to the parent 18 of 21 Clones Organisms genetically identical to one another 19 of 21 Stem Cells Unspecialised body cells that can develop into other speacialised cells 20 of 21 Speacialised (cells) A cell that has a particular function 21 of 21
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