B1 The Nervous System

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What are three common eye defects?
long sight, short sight and red-green colour blindness (inherited)
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What is happening in the eye with red-green colour blindness?
some of the specialised cells in the retina that detect red and green light are missing
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What are long and short sight caused by?
the eyeball or the lens being the wrong shape, so the light rays can't be accurately focused on the retina
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How can long and short sighted be corrected?
by contact lenses, glasses or laser eye surgery
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What lenses correct long sight?
convex
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What lenses correct short sight?
concave
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How does corrective laser eye surgery work?
works but cutting a flap in the cornea, folding it back and using a laser to reshape the cornea. so light rays can now be accurately focused on the retina
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What is binocular vision?
1. eyes are positioned close together on the front of the head 2. each eye has limited field view 3. can judge distance and speed accurately 4. found on human and predators
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How does the brain use binocular vision to judge distance?
by comparing images from each eye. the more similar the images the further away
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What is monocular vision?
1. eyes are positioned on the side of the head 2. each eye has a wide field view 3. little overlap in the field of view which makes it difficult to judge distance or speed 4. found on prey
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What are drugs?
chemicals that affect your mind or body
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What drugs are legal?
beneficial drugs
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What are examples of stimulants?
caffeine, nicotine, ecstasy
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What do stimulants do?
increase brain activity which leads to a feeling of alertness and heightened perception
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What are examples of depressants?
alcohol, solvents, tranquilisers
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What do depressants do?
decrease brain activity which makes you feel tired, and slows down your reactions
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What are examples of painkillers?
aspirin, paracetamol, heroin
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What do pain killers do?
reduce pain by blocking nerve impulses
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What is an example of performance enhancing drugs?
anabolic steriods
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What does performance enhancing drugs do?
increase muscle development, which is why they're sometimes abused by sports people
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What is an example of hallucinogens?
LSD
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What do hallucinogens do?
distort what is seen and heard
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What do stimulants and depressants act on?
the synapses of the nervous system
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What happens to increase the nervous impulses when stimulants have been taken ?
stimulants cause more neuro-transmitter to cross the synapse
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How do depressants slow everything down?
depressants bind with receptor molecules in the membrane of the next neurone, blocking the transmission of the impulse
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What are examples of class A drugs?
heroin and cocaine
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What are examples of class B drugs?
speed and barbiturates
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What are examples of class C drugs?
tranquilisers and anabolic steriods
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What is a drug addiction?
is a state of psychological or physical need for a drug
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What happens as a drug addicts body becomes used to a drug?
it becomes more tolerant to it eg. needs higher dose to get the same effects
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What withdrawal symptoms happen when a drug addicts stop taking drugs?
psychological eg. cravings physical eg. sweating shaking and nausea
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What is rehabilitation?
the process by which an addict learns to live without the drug
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is happening in the eye with red-green colour blindness?

Back

some of the specialised cells in the retina that detect red and green light are missing

Card 3

Front

What are long and short sight caused by?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How can long and short sighted be corrected?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What lenses correct long sight?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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