B1 Science Flashcards

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What is the difference between fitness & health?
Fitness is a measure of physical ability; health is the absence of disease or infection.
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What 5 factors can increase blood pressure?
Smoking, Being overweight, Drinking too much alcohol, Being under a lot of stress for a long time & Heart contractions
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How does smoking increase blood pressure?
The carbon monoxide combines with haemoglobin in the red blood cells which reduces their oxygen. The heart then has to contract more frequently. Nicotine also increases heart rate meaning the heart pumps more.
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What is the problem with cholesterol?
It can build up in your arteries and form plaques which narrows them and restricts blood flow.
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What are the 5 main food groups?
Carbohydrates, Vitamins & Minerals, Fats, Proteins & Water.
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Why do people choose to eat different diets?
Religious, Medical or Personal Reasons.
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How do you calculate BMI?
BMI=
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What are the 2 main reasons for protein-deficiency in developing countries?
Overpopulation & Money
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How do you calculate EAR?
EAR(g)=0.6 x body mass (kg)
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What are the 4 types of pathogen?
Fungi, bacteria, viruses & protozoa
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How does the immune system deal with pathogens?
Consuming them, Producing antibodies & Producing antitoxins
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What are the two types of immunity?
Active - where the immune system makes it's own antibodies and Passive - using antibodies made by another organism
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What's the difference between antibiotics & antivirals?
Antibiotics fight bacteria and antivirals stop viruses reproducing.
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What's the difference between a benign and a malignant tumour?
Benign means it grows til there's no more room and aren't usually dangerous. Malignant means it can spread round the body and can be fatal.
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What are the 4 stages of drug testing?
Computer models, human tissues, animals , humans.
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What are the 5 types of drugs?
Depressants, Stimulants, Painkillers, Hallucinogens, Performance Enhancers
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What are the side effects of being drunk?
Impaired judgement, slurred speech, poor balance & coordination, blurred vision, sleepiness.
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What illnesses can smoking cause?
Heart disease, Cancer, Smokers cough (emphysema) & Low birth weight babies
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Why are people long/ short sighted?
Because their lens is the wrong shape or their eyes are too short/ long.
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What are the 7 main parts of the eye?
Cornea, Iris, Retina, Lens, Rods, Cones & Optic nerve.
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What is the CNS? What does it do?
Central Nervous System (compiled of the brain & spinal cord) which coordinates information from receptors.
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What are the 3 types of neurone in the nervous system?
Sensory, Relay & Motor
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What is homeostasis?
Maintaining a constant internal environment - Carbon dioxide levels, water content & body temperature
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What does insulin control?
Blood sugar levels as it removes glucose from the blood.
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What's the difference between the two types of diabetes?
Type 1 is where the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin which means they need to inject insulin into themselves. type 2 diabetes is where the body has become resistant to insulin which means the person has to limit their carbohydrate intake.
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Where are auxins produced? How do they affect the plants?
They're produced in the tips of roots and shoots. They affect plants by changing the growth direction.
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What are roots and shoots (negative/positive)?
Shoots are positively phototropic. Roots are negatively phototropic. Shoots are negatively geotropic. Roots are positively geotropic.
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What are the 4 main uses of plant hormones?
Weedkiller, Growing from cuttings, Controlling fruit ripening & Controlling dormancy
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What 5 factors can increase blood pressure?

Back

Smoking, Being overweight, Drinking too much alcohol, Being under a lot of stress for a long time & Heart contractions

Card 3

Front

How does smoking increase blood pressure?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the problem with cholesterol?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the 5 main food groups?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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