for growth and repair and energy if carbs are in short supply
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What are carbs made up of?
simple sugars such as glucose
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What are fats made up of?
fatty acids and glycerol
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what are proteins made up of?
amino acids
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what are carbs stored in the liver as?
glycogen and can be converted to fats
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How are fats stored?
under the skin and around organs as adipose tissue
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How are proteins stored?
they aren't
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Why is it important to have minerals?
iron to make haemoglobin
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Why is it important to have vitamins?
vitamin c to prevent scurvy
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Why is it important to have fibre?
to prevent constipation and to maintain healthy bowels
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Why is it important to have water?
to prevent dehydration and to help remove waste
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Why may your beliefs make you alter your diet?
animal welfare eg. vegan and veggies
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Why may your religious beliefs make you alter your diet?
Muslim and Jewish faith prohibit eating of pig meat
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Why may your medical issues make you alter your diet?
food allergies eg. peanuts
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Why may your age make you alter your diet?
older people need less food. younger people need more calories and protein
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Why may your sex make you alter your diet?
males need more calories due to being larger and having more muscle
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Why may your activity make you alter your diet?
someone with a physical job will need more calories eg. builder
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How do you maintain a healthy body mass?
balance the amount of energy you consume with the amount of energy that you use
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What does BMI stand for?
body mass index
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What is the BMI formula?
BMI= mass (kg) divided by height (m squared)
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What does your BMI have to be under to be classed as underweight?
under 18.5
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What does your BMI have to be to be classed as ideal weight?
18.5-24.9
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What does your BMI have to be classed as to be overweight?
25 - 29.9
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What does your BMI have to be over to be classed as obese?
30
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What happens if you consume more food than you need?
you will become over weight or obese
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What can obesity lead to?
arthritis, type 2 diabetes and breast cancer
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What are protein molecules?
long chains of amino acids
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what are essential amino acids?
ones that must be taken into the body via your food
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what are non-essential amino acids?
ones that can be made in your body
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Why is it important for teenagers to have a high-protein diet?
protein supplies the nutrients needed to grow.
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What are proteins from animal origin called?
first class proteins
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What do meat and fish contain?
first class proteins
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What are plant proteins called?
second class proteins
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What disease can protein deficiency result in?
kwashiorkor
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why is kwashiorkor common in developing countries?
due to over populations and limited investment in agriculture
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How can you calculate your EAR?
EAR= 0.6 x body mass (kg)
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When is protein used as a energy source?
when carbs or fats aren't available
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What is EAR?
an estimated daily figure for an average person of a certain body mass
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What can EAR depend on?
age, pregnancy and lactation
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What can lead to a poor diet ( mind sets)?
low self-esteem, poor self-image and desire for perfection
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why are poor diets very damaging to the body?
The body doesn't get the balance of energy and nutrients needed to function correctly. The reproduction system may be affected as well as damage to the bones.
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