The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose (sugar)
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What type of process is Respiration?
A universal chemical process
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How do cells use the energy transferred from respiration?
The cells can't directly use the energy transferred from respiration, so the energy is stored as ATP, which can be used for cell processes
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Is respiration an enzyme-controlled reaction?
yes
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So what factors will affect the rate of respiration?
pH & temperature
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What substrates are used in respiration?
Mainly glucose but other organic/biological molecules can be used e.g.Carbohydrates,Lipids & Proteins
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What are the 2 types of respiration?
Aerobic & Anaerobic Respiration
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What are organic molecules?
molecules that contain carbon
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In eukaryotic cells, where does respiration take place?
in the mitochondria
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what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen ----> carbon dioxide + water
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What does Aerobic mean?
with oxygen
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How many molecules of ATP are produced per glucose molecule, during Aerobic Respiration?
32 molecules of ATP/1 molecule of glucose
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Why does aerobic respiration release lots of energy?
This is because the glucose molecule has been fully oxidised
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How many molecules of ATP are produced per glucose molecule, during anaerobic respiration?
2 molecules of ATP/1 molecule of glucose
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Why is there much less energy transferred during anaerobic respiration?
this is because the oxidation of the glucose is incomplete
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When you exercise why do your muscles need more energy?
So they can contract more
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When you exercise, the rate of respiration decreases. Is this True and Why?
No, it increases because you need more energy for your muscles, when exercising.
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Why do cells start anaerobically respiring?
when there's an insufficient oxygen supply
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during anaerobic respiration in animals what is the glucose converted to?
lactic acid
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In Plants & Fungi what is the glucose converted into, during anaerobic respiration?
ethanol and carbon dioxide
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what is anaerobic respiration called in yeast
fermentation
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In what conditions do plants start to respire anaerobically?
in conditions where there's little oxygen e.g. in waterlogged soils, the plant root cells respire anaerobically
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When you do vigorous exercise, does your body respire anaerobically?
yes
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why?
when you do vigorous exercise, your body can't supply enough oxygen to your muscles for aerobic respiration- even though your heart rate/ventilation rate increase as much as possible,so they do anaerobic as well.
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What happens when lactic acid builds up in your muscles?
It gets painful and makes your muscles fatigued
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What is the advantage of lactic acid build up in your muscles?
it means that you can keep on using your muscles-rather than damaging them doing too much exercise
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What is an oxygen debt?
After resorting to anaerobic respiration- you need extra oxygen to break down all the lactic acid that built up & to allow aerobic respiration to begin again- so you'll need to keep breathing hard for a while
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Is respiration exothermic or endothermic
exothermic-releases energy to its surroundings (by heat)
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What type of process is Respiration?
Back
A universal chemical process
Card 3
Front
How do cells use the energy transferred from respiration?
Back
Card 4
Front
Is respiration an enzyme-controlled reaction?
Back
Card 5
Front
So what factors will affect the rate of respiration?
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