Attitudes and Behaviours 1

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what was the old view of 'attitudes'
external behaviours i.e posture, that reflect an internal state
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what was the next view of 'attitudes'
shared attitudes
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what is the now view of 'attitudes'
a dispositional trait
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define dispositional
individual characteristics that influence behaviour and action in a person
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most current definitions agree that attitudes are _________
evaluative
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what is the biggest research question regarding attitudes
do attitudes predict behaviour?
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what are two sides of this answer
pessimistic vs optimistic
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who is on the pessimistic side
Wicker
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what is Wickers view on the attitude-behaviour relationship
attitudes are unrelated or only slightly related to behaviour
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who is on the optimism side
Ajzen and Fishbein
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what is Ajzen and Fishbeins view on the attitude-behaviour relationship
appropriate measures of attitude are strongly related to behaviour
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who gave against against Ajzen and Fishbein
LaPierre
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what did LaPierre do
travel around US with chinese couple
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he did this, during a time where there was a lot of what
anti-chinese attitudes
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however, during the travel what did he find
all establishments (251) other than 1, treated them well
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what did LaPierre do after the travel
wrote to the establishments, asking if they would take chinese customers
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how much percent of the establishments said no
92%
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name 4 problems with this study
Not all establishments replied. Uncertainty if the peopler replied were the people that interacted. Norms of tolerance/politeness. Typicality effect.
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what are norms of tolerance/politeness
in context, face to face, you quite often act respectfully even if you dont like them
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what is the typicality effect
when you hold negative stereotypes about a group of people, you may behaviour towards them negatively if they are typical of the stereotypes but not if they are atypical
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name the two psychologists that support Ajzen and Fishbeins belief in the importance of 'appropriate measures of attitude'
Weigel et al and Davidson et al
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what attitude-behaviour relationship did Weigel et al study
environmental attitudes and ecological oriented behaviour
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weigel found that attitude-behaviour correspondence could be increased how
if the scope of the behavioural measure was broadened
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what attitude-behaviour relationship did Davidson et al study
birth control attitudes and birth pill taking behaviour
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explain the style of study
longitudinal, interview and questionnaire, 2 year follow up
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when they measured attitudes that were general about birth control, what was the correlation for taking birth control pills two years later
0.08
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when they measured attitudes that were about birth control pills, what was the correlation for taking birth control pills two years later
0.32
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when they measured attitudes that were about taking birth control pills two years on, what was the correlation for taking birth control pills two years later
0.57
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what was Ajzen and Fishbeins first theory called
the theory of reasoned action
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they believed it applied to what type of behaviour
all
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what influences behaviour
intentions
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what influences intentions
Attitudes and subjective norms
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what influences attitudes
behavioural beliefs and outcome evaluation
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what are behavioural beliefs
belief that a certain behaviour will produce a certain outcome
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what are outcome evaluations
how positive/negative the individual perceives that outcome
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what is the equation for these factors
Ebb.oe
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what does it mean
the sum of behaviour beliefs times the outcome evaluation
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what influences subjective norms
normative belief and motivation to comply
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what are normative beliefs
the individuals perception that specific individuals or groups think he should or should not perform the behaviour
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what is motivation to comply
motivation to comply with each salient reference
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draw the whole model
...
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Ajzen and Fishbein identify that we do not do what
explicit sum all of these factors up in our head before a behaviour
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they suggest that the process of considering all of these factors is what
implicit and automatic
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the theory of reasoned action is NOT a model on what
behaviour change
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however...
Ajzen and Fishbein state if you want to change behaviour, then change intentions and so on
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what are two major problems with the theory of reasoned action
firstly people are not interested in specifics, but are interested in general patterns of behaviour secondly there are two types of attitudes
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what is Ajzen and Fishbeins reply to the first criticism
if you want to look at general attitudes then you must study general behaviour
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what are the two types of attitudes
implicit and explicit
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which attitude does the theory focus on
explicit
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what is a problem with measuring explicit attitudes
social desirability bias
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what are 3 features of implicit attitudes
we dont know where they come from, they are automatic and we do not have much control over their expression
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Ajzen and Fishbein eventually have a _________ over the theory
disagreement
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why
Ajzen believes, the theory is is only relevant to volitional behaviours
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what is a volitional behaviour
a behaviour you have complete control over
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therefore Ajzen adds what construct
perceived behavioural control
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what is the theory now called
the theory of planned behaviour
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percieved behavioural control can be ________ or _______
internal or external
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give an example of internal perceived behavioural control
control over diet
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give an example of external perceived behavioural control
money
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what was the next view of 'attitudes'

Back

shared attitudes

Card 3

Front

what is the now view of 'attitudes'

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

define dispositional

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

most current definitions agree that attitudes are _________

Back

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