What are some issues with Freud's theory of consciousness?
It's not scientific, not falsifiable, post-hoc and the sharpshooter fallacy applies to it
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What is cognitive unconsciousness?
Mental processes that are not experienced by the person, but give rise to their thoughts, choices, emotions and behaviours
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What are stereotypes an example of?
A cognitive unconscious process (they may influence our behaviour without being aware of it)
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What is subliminal perception?
A thought or behaviour that is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report processing (perception below the threshold for conscious perception)
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Is unconsciously perceived stimuli able to influence our behaviour more than consciously perceived stimuli?
no, it has the same influence on our behaviour, it just means we're taking in more than we realise
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What is thought to determine time spent sleeping by different species?
How much they need to do to survive and find food
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What are awake waves like on an EEG?
fast, random, low amp, lots of alpha and beta rhythms
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Why is amplitude low when awake?
There is a lot of activity which all cancels out
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What happens to the amplitude of waves as you fall asleep and why?
Amplitude increases because conscious stimulation is gone, firings are more in sync so they sum together
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What happens to the frequency of waves as you fall asleep?
frequency reduces
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What is a hypnogogic state?
(stage 1) The period of pre-sleep consciousness where you are conscious and partly aware of what's going on
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What is a hypnic jerk?
A quiver and sensation of falling which occurs in the hypnogogic state
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What is a circadian rhythm?
A rhythm about a day in length related to our sleep cycle
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What two things are associated with stage 2 sleep?
spindles and K complexes
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What are spindles?
high density areas in stage 2 sleep which may be effective at refreshing
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What is stage 3 and 4 sleep (slow wave sleep) characterised by?
slow waves, high amplitude, synchronised
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What is REM EEG activity similar to?
conscious EEG activity
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In which stage of sleep do dreams occur?
REM
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At what time do we dream the most and why?
Early in the morning because the length of time spend in REM sleep increases throughout the night
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Which stage of sleep needs to be reached in order to not feel sleep deprived?
stage 3/4 (slow wave sleep).
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Under what circumstances does the length of time spent in REM sleep increase?
After prolonged sleep deprivation
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is cognitive unconsciousness?
Back
Mental processes that are not experienced by the person, but give rise to their thoughts, choices, emotions and behaviours
Card 3
Front
What are stereotypes an example of?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is subliminal perception?
Back
Card 5
Front
Is unconsciously perceived stimuli able to influence our behaviour more than consciously perceived stimuli?
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