6. A study by Schaffer and Emerson in 1964 found that?
20% of human infants were most attached to an adult who did not feed and bathe them but was most responsive to them.
40% of human infants were most attached to an adult who did not feed and bathe them but was most responsive to them.
70% of human infants were most attached to the care giver that did feed and bathe them.
50% of human infants were most attached to the care giver that did feed and bathe them.
7. What are the types of interaction play identified by Parten in 1932 and cited in Smith, Cowie and Blades?
Imitating, Creative and Practical.
Unoccupied, onlooker, solitary, parallel, associative and co-operative.
Communicative, Tactile and Friendly.
Shy, Confident and Easy going.
8. Define the Social identity theory?
A theory by Gessel which proposes group identity this is where individuals in a group have a shared world view, set of attitudes and beliefs.
A theory by Tajfel which proposes group identity this is where individuals in a group have a shared world view, set of attitudes and beliefs.
A theory by Vygotsky which proposes group identity this is where individuals in a group have a shared world view, set of attitudes and beliefs.
A theory by Piaget which proposes group identity this is where individuals in a group have a shared world view, set of attitudes and beliefs.
9. What is Sociometric Status?
A child’s level of communicative skills in social interactions.
How well a child is liked by their peers.
How well a child performs in society.
A child’s academic achievement level.
10. Who state that fathers direct the same repertoire of attachment behaviours to infants as to mothers in the early weeks of a baby’s life?
George, Cummings and Davies, 2010.
Bee and Boyd, 2014.
Allen, 2011.
Smith, Cowie and Blades, 2011.
11. What is the effect on a child’s development as described by Bee and Boyd when a parent has a warm emotional tone and is caring, affectionate, puts child’s needs 1st, enthusiastic and sensitive?
An ability to behave in a way that is caring, affectionate, enthusiastic and sensitive as a result of modelling.
An ability to develop secure attachments only.
Ability to develop secure attachments, positive self-esteem, ability to show empathy, high IQ and good levels of school achievement.
Lack of ability to develop secure attachments, low self-esteem, lack of ability to show empathy, low IQ and attainment at school.
12. In 1976 what did the study by Condry and Condry evidence?
Participants perceived the baby to have a stronger attachment to the mother than to the father.
Participants perceived identical behaviours differently depending on the sex they were lead to believe the baby to be. In girls fear was perceived whilst in boys anger was perceived.
Participants perceived the baby to display fear when separated temporarily from care giver.
Participants perceived identical behaviours differently depending on the sex they were lead to believe the baby to be. In girls anger was perceived whilst in boys fear was perceived.
13. Parents with higher expectations are found to have children with?
High self-esteem, high levels of generosity and lower levels of aggression.
Low self-esteem due to being unable to meet unrealistic expectations of parents.
High self-esteem and educational attainment.
High levels of educational attainments alone.
14. Studies have found rejection and isolation to?
Have negative consequences for young people rejected by their peers several studies have evidenced links to, depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and poor academic performance.
Have positive long term consequences for individuals motivating people to validate themselves and really on their own opinion of themselves.
Have no consequences for young people.
Have negative consequences for the academic profile of young people alone.
15. Brown 2004 in Coleman 2011 differentiates between?
Crowds and Cliques
Rejection and isolation
Friendships and Acquaintances
Sibling rivalry and sibling affection
16. Which of the following is a correct definition of Bowlby’s 1953 maternal deprivation hypothesis?
A hypothesis proposing that a break in the bond during early years has serious and irreversible effects on the cognitive, emotional and social development of a child.
A hypothesis proposing that mothers from deprived backgrounds were less able to provide their children with high enough levels of emotional support having a negative impact on self-esteem.
A hypothesis proposing that those from deprived backgrounds are disadvantaged when it comes to holistic development.
A hypothesis proposing that a break in the bond during early years can have serious consequences which can be counteracted if the bond is repaired.
17. Which of the following is a correct definition of Bowlby’s 1953 maternal deprivation hypothesis?
A hypothesis proposing that a break in the bond during early years has serious and irreversible effects on the cognitive, emotional and social development of a child.
A hypothesis proposing that a break in the bond during early years can have serious consequences which can be counteracted if the bond is repaired.
A hypothesis proposing that mothers from deprived backgrounds were less able to provide their children with high enough levels of emotional support having a negative impact on self-esteem.
A hypothesis proposing that those from deprived backgrounds are disadvantaged when it comes to holistic development.
18. Bee and Boyd 2014 state that by 3 to 4 years?
Most of children have at least one mutual friendship and have already developed a best friend.
Children have learnt how to interact most effectively with their peers.
Half of children have at least one mutual friendship and have already developed a best friend.
Half of children have at least 5 friends and have developed a good friend.
19. Grotevant and Cooper in 1986 identify the idea of ‘Connectedness’ this is defined by Coleman as?
The young person moves towards a state of individualisation while remaining connected to the family.
A stage where the young person moves away from the family.
The concept that identifies that a young person will always attempt to remain connected to their family.
The connections made outside of the family during adolescence through friendships.
20. What are the four parenting styles identified by Maccoby and Martins in 1983?
Authoritative, Authoritarian. Indulgent/Permissive and Neglecting.