the person who has formed the closest relationship with the child, usually the biological mother
2 of 25
Learning theory
explains behaviour in terms of learning through operant/classical conditioning
3 of 25
Innate
characteristics which are inborn, a product of genetic factors
4 of 25
Continuity hypothesis
the idea that emotionally secure infants go on to be emotionally secure, trusting and socially confident adults
5 of 25
Imprinting
an innate readiness to develop a strong bond with a mother figure. Takes place during a critical period
6 of 25
Internal working model
a mental model which enables individuals to predict and control their environment
7 of 25
Monotropy
the idea that the relationship the infant has with their primary attachment figure has a special significance to emotional development
8 of 25
Sensitive period
a time during which a child is sensitive to a specific form of stimulation, resulting in the development of a specific response or characteristic
9 of 25
Social releasers
social behaviour or characteristic that elicits a caregiving reaction. Bowlby says these are innate
10 of 25
Temperament hypothesis
the belief that children form secure attachments because they have an 'easy' temperament from birth. Difficult children are more likely to form insecure attachments
11 of 25
Secure attachment
comfortable with social interaction and intimacy, related to healthy emotional development, use the caregiver as a secure base
12 of 25
Insecure attachment
develops as the result of the caregiver's lack of sensitive responding to the infant's needs. Associated with poor emotional development
13 of 25
Insecure-avoidant
tend to avoid social interaction and intimacy, anxious, little response to separation, explore without the presence of caregiver
14 of 25
Insecure-resistant
both seek and avoid social interaction and intimacy, immediate distress upon separation, conflicting desires upon reunion.
15 of 25
Disorganised
lack of consistent pattern of social behaviour
16 of 25
Separation anxiety
distress is shown by an infant when separated from their primary attachment figure
17 of 25
Stranger anxiety
distress shown by an infant when separated from their primary attachment figure
18 of 25
Cultural variations
the ways different groups of people differ in terms of their social practices and the effects these have on development
19 of 25
Collectivist culture
a culture that places more value on the collective rather than the individual
20 of 25
Disinhibited attachment
a type of disorganised attachment where the child could not discriminate between people they chose as attachment figures. These children are over-friendly to strangers and may be attention-seeking
21 of 25
Institutional care
a place dedicated to a particular task, e.g. a hospital. People live here for a period of time.
22 of 25
Privation
the lack of attachments; they failed to develop during early life
23 of 25
Day care
a form of temporary care which is not given by a family member and usually takes place outside the home
24 of 25
Peer relations
a child's ability to form close relationships with other children
25 of 25
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
the person who has formed the closest relationship with the child, usually the biological mother
Back
Primary attachment figure
Card 3
Front
explains behaviour in terms of learning through operant/classical conditioning
Back
Card 4
Front
characteristics which are inborn, a product of genetic factors
Back
Card 5
Front
the idea that emotionally secure infants go on to be emotionally secure, trusting and socially confident adults
Comments
No comments have yet been made