Attachment

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Pavlov - Learning Theroy
Explained Attachment through Classical Conditioning. Turned an unconditional stimulus into a conditioned response.
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Dollard & Millier - Learning Theory
Used the idea of rewards and punishments. Found that being hungry caused discomfort, and if there is a pleasant consequence, e.g. being fed, it will be reinforced. Any negative consequence will be less likely to occur.
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Harlow - Learning Theory
Found conflicting evidence about the Learning Theory. Discovered that baby monkeys chose warmth and affection over a instinctual need for food.
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Bowlby - Evolutionary Theory
Found some key ideas for the Evolutionary Theory of Attachment: Critical Period, Monotropy, Social Releases, Continuity Hypothesis and a Secure Base
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Lorenz - Imprinting
Used geese and showed how imprinting was a biological response. As soon as geese hatch, the first moving object becomes the Primary Caregiver i.e. Lorenz.
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Ainsworth - Strange Situation
Used 9 separate tasks to test different responses that infants display. Identified Type A, B & C personalities.
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Ainsworth - Cultural Variations
Investigated how infants in Uganda responded. Found similar results regarding a secure base.
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Tronick et al - Cultural Variations
Infants were breastfed by different women and slept with their mothers. Despite this, they were able to identify their mothers.
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Van Ijendoorn & Kroonenberg - Cultural Variations
Meta-Analysis of various studies. It was biased towards Americas but highlights the role of the Strange Situation
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Rothbaum et al - Cultural Variations
Showed the difference between Collectivist Vs. Individualistic cultures
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Little John - Daycare
Showed the effects of being Institutionalised. Became angry with parents for leaving him there. Grew fond of a Giant Teddy Bear.
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Hodges & Tizard - Privation
Followed 65 British Children into adulthood and provides evidence for the Critical Period.
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Rutter - Privation
Followed Romanian Orphans. < 6 Months showed normal attachments but > 6 Months displayed problems.
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Genie - Privation
Girl who was tortured and abused all of her life. Did not learn to speak until rescued. Evidence for Bowlby's theory.
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Czech Twins - Privation
Twins beaten and abused. Had not grown/formed properly due to abuse. Had recovered normally and grew to be 'normal' adults.
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NICHD - Daycare
Found a link between time spent in Daycare and the amount of aggressive behaviour.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Used the idea of rewards and punishments. Found that being hungry caused discomfort, and if there is a pleasant consequence, e.g. being fed, it will be reinforced. Any negative consequence will be less likely to occur.

Back

Dollard & Millier - Learning Theory

Card 3

Front

Found conflicting evidence about the Learning Theory. Discovered that baby monkeys chose warmth and affection over a instinctual need for food.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Found some key ideas for the Evolutionary Theory of Attachment: Critical Period, Monotropy, Social Releases, Continuity Hypothesis and a Secure Base

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Used geese and showed how imprinting was a biological response. As soon as geese hatch, the first moving object becomes the Primary Caregiver i.e. Lorenz.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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