Description of how 2 people interact e.g mother-infant
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Interactional synchrony
Mother/infant reflect both actions and emotions of other and in coordinated way
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Stages of attachment
Sequence identified to qualitatively different behaviour of each age : Asocial stage/Indiscriminate attach/Specific attach/Multiple Attach
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Monotropic
Bowlby's theory - One attachment is different to the rest = central importance to child's development
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Internal working models
Mental representations of our attachments with
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Critical period
Time within which an attachment must be formed. Lorenz/Harlow noted how animals have critical periods. Bowlby- for humans its more of a 'sensitive period' up to 2 years - after which will be difficult to form
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Strange situation
Controlled observation to test attachment security. Tested on - unfamiliar room/being alone/left with stranger/being reunited with caregiver
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Secure attachment
Moderate stranger and separation anxiety - ease of comfort at reunion
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Insecure-avoidant attachment
Low anxiety=weak attachment - Low separation and stranger anxiety - little response at reunion
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Insecure-resistant attachment
High anxiety=strong attachment - High separation and stranger anxiety - resistance at reunion
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Maternal deprivation
Emotional and intellectual consequences of separation between child and caregiver - (Bowlby) prolonged separation can cause serious damage
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Institutionalisation
Effects of living in institutional setting. Very often little amount of emotional care provided
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Statistical deviation
When an individual has a less common characteristic
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Deviation from social norms
Behaviour that differs from accepted societal norms
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Failure to function adequately
When an individual is unable to cope with ordinary demands of day-to-day life
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Deviation from ideal mental health
When an individual does not meet a set of criteria for good mental health
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Phobia
An anxiety disorder - an irrational fear of an object/situation
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Depression
A mental disorder - low mood and low energy levels
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OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder)
An anxiety disorder - obsessions and/or compulsions
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Systematic desensitisation (SD)
Behavioural therapy designed to reduce unwanted responses to a stimuli - involves hierarchy of anxiety and techniques to remain calm
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Flooding
Behavioural therapy where a phobic patient is exposed to extreme form of phobic stimuli
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Negative triad
Beck: 3 kinds of negative thinking that leads to depression = Negative views on themselves, the future and the world.
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ABC model
Ellis: Depression occurs when an activating event (A) triggers an irrational belief (B) which produces a consequence (C)
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Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)
Method for treating mental disorders based on cognitive and behavioural techniques
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Irrational thoughts
Thoughts that are likely to interfere with an individuals happiness
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Mother/infant reflect both actions and emotions of other and in coordinated way
Back
Interactional synchrony
Card 3
Front
Sequence identified to qualitatively different behaviour of each age : Asocial stage/Indiscriminate attach/Specific attach/Multiple Attach
Back
Card 4
Front
Bowlby's theory - One attachment is different to the rest = central importance to child's development
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