ATP

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What is ATP?
The universal energy current
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Name 3 reasons as to why cell needs energy
1) For synthesis of large molecules, 2) Transport (eg active transport across cell membranes), 3) Movement ( eg Protein fibres in muscle contraction)
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What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
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What is the structure of ATP?
A pentose sugar (ribose), a nitrogenous base (always adenine) and 3 phosphate groups
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How does ATP release energy?
It is hydrolysed, so it looses one of its phosphates and energy is given off
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What is the molecule produced after ATP is hydrolysed?
Adenosine Diphosphate
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Why cant ATP be used as a long term energy store and what is used as the long term energy store instead?
Because of the instability of the phosphate bonds, so carbohydrates and lipids are used instead
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How are the carbohydrates and lipids turned into energy?
They get broken down by cellular respiration, this creates ATP by reattaching an extra phosphate to the ADP, in a condensation reaction.
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What is phosphorylation?
When the extra phosphate has been added to ADP to make ATP
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Name the useful properties of ATP
Small (Moves easily in out and within cell), Water soluble (energy requiring reactions occur in aqueous environments) Bonds between phosphates which aren't too big (no energy is lost by heat), Releases energy in small quantities (energy isn't wasted)
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Why is ATP a good immediate energy store?
Because it is constantly changing from ATP to ADP during phosphorylation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name 3 reasons as to why cell needs energy

Back

1) For synthesis of large molecules, 2) Transport (eg active transport across cell membranes), 3) Movement ( eg Protein fibres in muscle contraction)

Card 3

Front

What does ATP stand for?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the structure of ATP?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does ATP release energy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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