Atoms, Bonds and Groups 1.1

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atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
Isotopes
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the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number
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the number of particles (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus
mass number
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a positively or negatively charged atom or (covalently bonded) group of atoms (a molecular ion)
ion
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the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
relative isotopic mass
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the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
realtive atomic mass
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the weighted mean mass of a molecule compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
relative molecular mass
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the weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
relative formula mass
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the quantity whose unit is the mole. Chemists use it as a means of counting atoms.
Amount of substance
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the number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope
avagadro constant
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the amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope
mole
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the mass per mole of a substance.
molar mass
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the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound
empirical formula
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a small group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
molecule
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the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
molecular formula
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the volume per mole of a gas
molar volume
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the amount of solute, in mol, dissolved per 1dm3 of solution
concentration
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a solution of known concentration. normally used in titrations to determine unknown information about another substance
standard solution
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any type of particle that takes part in a chemical reaction
species
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the molecular relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction
stoichiometry
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a species that is a proton donor
acid
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a species that is a proton acceptor
base
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a type of base that disolves in water forming hydroxide ions
alkali
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any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion
salt
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a positively charged ion
cation
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a negatively charged ion
anion
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a crystalline compound containing water molecules
hydrated
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a substance that contains no water molecules
anhydrous
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water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound
water of crystallisation
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a measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element
oxidation number
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loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation number
oxidation
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gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation number
reduction
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a reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place
redox reaction
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a reagent that reduces (adds electrons to) another species
reducing agent
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a reagent that oxidises (takes electrons from) another species
oxidising agent
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Back

atomic number

Card 3

Front

the number of particles (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

a positively or negatively charged atom or (covalently bonded) group of atoms (a molecular ion)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

the mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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