Atoms and Reactions

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Atomic Number (proton number)
Number of protons in an atom
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Mass number (nucleon number)
Number of particles (protons+neutrons) in an atom
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Ion
Positively or negatively charged covalently bonded atom or group of atoms that form a molecular ion
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Isotopes
Atoms of elements with different number of neutrons and different masses
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¹²C
The standard measurement of relative masses
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Relative isotopic mass
The mass of an atom of an isotope when compared with ½ of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
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Relative atomic mass
Weighted mean mass of an atom of an element when compared with ½ of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
7 of 24
The Mole
Amount of substance that contains as many single particles as there are atoms in 12g of the carbon-12 isoptope
8 of 24
Molar Mass, M or Mr
Mass per mole of substance, units are gmolˉ¹
9 of 24
Avogadro's Constant, Nₐ
The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope. 6.02x10²³ molˉ¹
10 of 24
Emperical formula
Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
11 of 24
Molecular formula
The actual number of each element in a molecule of a compound
12 of 24
Concentrated
Large amount of solute per dm³
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Dilute
Small amount of solute per dm³
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Acids
Release H˖ ions in aqueous solution - Proton DONATOR
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Bases
Readily accepts H˖ ions from an acid - Proton ACCEPTOR
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Alkalis
Soluble base that can release hydroxide ions, OHˉ in aqueous solution
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Salt
Substance formed when one or more H˖ ion of an acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion, NH₄˖
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Water of Crystalisation
Refers to the number of water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound
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Hydrated
Refers to a crystalline compound containing water molecules
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Anhydrous
Refers to a substance that no water molecules
21 of 24
Redox
Reactions in which electrons are transferred from one substance to another
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OIL RIG
Oxidation is loss of electrons, increase in oxidation number, Reduction is gain decrease in oxidation number
23 of 24
Oxidation number
Number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of other elements
24 of 24

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Number of particles (protons+neutrons) in an atom

Back

Mass number (nucleon number)

Card 3

Front

Positively or negatively charged covalently bonded atom or group of atoms that form a molecular ion

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Atoms of elements with different number of neutrons and different masses

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The standard measurement of relative masses

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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