Atoms and ions

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Created by: J.E.C.
Created on: 01-05-14 13:52

What is ionisation?

The removal of an atom from an electron to produce a positive ion.

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The first ionisation enthalpy is...?

The energy needed to remove one electron from every atom in one mole of isolated gaseous atoms of the element.

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X (g) -->

X+ + e-

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On a graph showing first ionisation enthalpies, the peaks are generally group __ and the troughs are generally group __?

0, 1

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Why does it become more difficult to remove an electron from an atom as you go across the period?

Across a period, electrons are being added to the same shell but protons are also being added to the nucleus. As the nuclear charge becomes more positive the electrons are held more tightly, so it is harder to remove one.

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Going down the group the first ionisation enthalpies generally decrease because...?

There are more filled shells of electrons between the nucleus and outermost electron so there is 'shielding' from the nucleus so the electron is less strongly attracted.

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There is usually a large jump in ionisation enthalpy from..?

One shell to the next

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The first ionisation enthalpy is...?

Back

The energy needed to remove one electron from every atom in one mole of isolated gaseous atoms of the element.

Card 3

Front

X (g) -->

Back

Card 4

Front

On a graph showing first ionisation enthalpies, the peaks are generally group __ and the troughs are generally group __?

Back

Card 5

Front

Why does it become more difficult to remove an electron from an atom as you go across the period?

Back

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Atoms and ions