Atmospheric Science

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What is particulate matter?
A mixture of solid/liquid particles suspended in the air
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What are Primary Particles?
When they are emitted directly into the atmosphere as particulate matter.
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What are Secondary Particles?
Aerosols which are produced from chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere from gas phase precursor emissions.
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How are aerosol particles lost from the atmosphere?
Wet deposition and dry deposition.
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What is he Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN)?
it is the UK's largest automatic monitoring network which is used for compliance reporting against air quality directives.
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Why is PM2.5 particularly dangerous for human health?
Are very small particles which can penetrate deep into the lungs, even reaching the bloodstream, where they can cause respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.
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What regions are most effected by the present day disease burden due to air pollution?
China and India
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What is the main source of PM in India?
Residential sources (use of household solid fuel for heating and cooking)
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What do models represent?
Our best understanding of processes and the atmosphere system.
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What are box models?
A model of a single air mass in the atmosphere.
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What are the advantages to using box models?
They are fairly cheap to run and can be compared directly to observations.
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What are the main limitations to using box models?
No mixing with the surrounding air and no advection means that it can create unrealistically high or low concentrations.
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What are 3D Global Models?
They consider atmospheric transport over latitude, longitude and altitude.
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What is the main limitation of using 3D global models?
They are very expensive to run.
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What is the aerosol cooling impact?
When aerosol particles scatter sunlight and reduce the amount of sunlight reaching the surface.
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Why is the ozone layer important?
It reduces the amount of UV radiation reaching the surface and helps maintain the climate of the stratosphere and the troposphere.
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What year was the Antarctic Ozone Hole discovered?
1985
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What year was the Montreal Protocol signed?
1987
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What is the Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP)?
The total ozone depletion caused by emission of 1kg of a certain gas relative to the ozone depletion caused by 1 kg of CFC-11 (CFCl3)
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What is the Global Warming Potential (GWP)?
The climate impact of a particular gas relative to the climate impact of carbon dioxide.
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Do CFCs and HCFCs have a large GWP?
Yes
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What did the 2008 Ambient Air Quality Directive do?
Set legally binding limits for major air pollutants that impact public health (NOx, PM10 and PM2.5)
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What does AQMA stand for?
Air Quality Management Area
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are Primary Particles?

Back

When they are emitted directly into the atmosphere as particulate matter.

Card 3

Front

What are Secondary Particles?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How are aerosol particles lost from the atmosphere?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is he Automatic Urban and Rural Network (AURN)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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