AS Level Psychology - Abnormality

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In the Failure to Function Adequately (F2FA) definition, which researchers suggested that personal dysfunction had 7 features?
Rosenman and Seligman
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In the F2FA definition, these 7 features of abnormality were...
personal distress, maladaptive behaviour, unpredictability, irrationality, observer discomfort, violation of moral standards, and unconventionality.
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The Ideal Mental Health (IDMH) definition perceives abnormality in a similar way as _____ health.
physical
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in the IDMH definition, Marie Jahoda identified 6 characteristics that we should show in order to be normal. What were these?
positive attitude towards oneself, self actualisation, autonomy, resisting stress, accurate perception of reality, and environmental mastery.
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In the biological approach to abnormality, what are the 4 factors which are seen as causing mental impairments?
infections/viruses, brain damage, biochemistry, and genetics.
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What is one positive AO2 point about the biological approach?
you can have... 1.humane approach 2. the approach has contributed greatly to the formation of effective treatments
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What is one negative AO2 point about the biological approach?
you can have... 1.its reductionist 2.support comes from animal studies.
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the psychodynamic approach is associated with which famous psychologist?
Sigmund Freud
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Freud saw the personality (the psyche) as having 3 parts. These were...
the id, the ego, and the super-ego
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the id is governed by the ______ principle, and is present at ______.
pleasure. birth.
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the ego is governed by the ______ principle, and develops at age ___.
reality. 2.
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the super-ego is governed by the ______ principle, and develops at age ___.
morality. 6.
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the conflicting demands of the id and the super-ego are balanced out by the ....
ego.
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when this balance is not achieved.....
abnormal behaviour results. e.g anxiety.
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to reduce this anxiety, the ego uses ________ mechanisms
defence
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the psychodynamic approach lacks.....
falsifiability.
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the behavioural approach focuses on ________ behaviour
maladaptive (abnormal).
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in the behavioural approach, what are the 3 learning processes?
classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning theory.
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the cognitive approach was developed by who?
Ellis and Beck
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The cognitive approach suggests that mental disorders are due to....
distorted and irrational thought processes. e.g negative thoughts.
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THERAPIES! What are the two main biological therapies?
Drugs and Electro-convulsive therapy (ECT)
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What are the 5 main groups of drugs?
anti-manic, anti-depressant, anti-anxiety, anti-psychotic, and stimulants.
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Are drugs cost effective?
YES!
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Are drugs easy to administer?
YES!
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however, drugs only address the symptoms, not the .....
cause of the disorder.
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what are some serious side effects of drugs?
nausea, headaches, sleeping difficulties. Anti-psychotics can cause damage to the immune system.
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ECT has recently been re-introduced as a treatment for....
schizophrenia
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briefly, how does ECT work?
Electrodes are placed on the side of the head, and a controlled series of electrical pulses are passed through into the brain. This causes a seizure in the brain.
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what are the two types of ECT?
unilateral and bilateral
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who compared the two types of ECT in his research?
Levy. Finding that unilateral incurred less memory loss, and biliateral provides better relief of depressive symptoms.
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There is no evidence that ECT damages the brain. Which study found this out?
Coffey's study - MRI scans showed no indications of brain damage after ECT.
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The side effects of ECT are more severe with who?
children and elderly people
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what is a therapy in the psychodynamic approach?
psychoanalysis
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what are the two main techniques used on patients in psychoanalysis?
dream analysis and free association
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research suggests that psychoanalysis is an effective treatment for certain abnormalities, such as......
anxiety disorders.
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What is the main behavioural therapy?
Systematic desensitisation (SD)
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SD was developed by....
Wolpe to counteract phobias.
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SD uses which conditioning process?
classical conditioning
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SD is less traumatic then other therapies, such as .......
flooding. in flooding patients confront phobias directly.
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Cognitive Behavioural therapy is an umberella term for a number of different therapies. Two main ones are.....
Rational Emotive Behaviour therapy (REMT), and treatment of negative thoughts.
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CBT has proven effective in over ______ studies in both ___________.
400. children and adults.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

In the F2FA definition, these 7 features of abnormality were...

Back

personal distress, maladaptive behaviour, unpredictability, irrationality, observer discomfort, violation of moral standards, and unconventionality.

Card 3

Front

The Ideal Mental Health (IDMH) definition perceives abnormality in a similar way as _____ health.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

in the IDMH definition, Marie Jahoda identified 6 characteristics that we should show in order to be normal. What were these?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

In the biological approach to abnormality, what are the 4 factors which are seen as causing mental impairments?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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