AS UNIT 1 Chemistry Definitions

?
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
1 of 29
Atomic number (Z)
The number of protons in the nucleus. All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons.
2 of 29
Mass number (A)
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
3 of 29
Relative atomic mass (Ar)
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
4 of 29
Relative isotopic mass
The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
5 of 29
Relative molecular mass (Mr)
The weighted mean mass of a formula unit compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
6 of 29
Mole (mol)
The amount of any substance containing as many particles as there are carbon atoms inexactly 12g of the carbon-12 isotope.
7 of 29
Molar mass (M)
The mass per mole of a substance. The units of molar mass are g mol^-1
8 of 29
Avogadro constant
The number of atoms per mole of the carbon-12 isotope: (6.02 x 10^23)
9 of 29
Concentration
The amount of solute, in mol, dissolved per 1 dm^3 (1000 cm^3) of solution.
10 of 29
Empirical formula
The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound.
11 of 29
Molecular formula
The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
12 of 29
Molar volume
The volume per mole of a gas. The units of molar volume are dm^3 mol^-1. At room temperature and pressure, the molar volume is approximately 24.0 dm^3 mol^-1
13 of 29
Standard Solution
A solution of known concentration
14 of 29
Species
Any type of particle that takes part in a chemical reaction
15 of 29
Stoichiometry
The molar relationship between the relative quantities of a substances taking part in a reaction
16 of 29
Acid
A species that produces H+ ions from an aqueous solution. They are proton acceptors
17 of 29
Base
A species that removes H+ ions from an aqueous solution. The are proton donors
18 of 29
Alkali
A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions, OH- (aq) ions.
19 of 29
Salt
Any chemical compound formed from an acid when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaces by a metal ion or another positive ion
20 of 29
Hydrated
A crystalline compound containing water molecules
21 of 29
Anhydrous
A substance that contains no water molecules.
22 of 29
Water of crystallisation
Water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure of a compound
23 of 29
Oxidation
The loss of electrons
24 of 29
Reduction
The gain of electrons
25 of 29
Oxidation number
The measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element
26 of 29
Redox reaction
A reaction in which both reduction and oxidation take place
27 of 29
Oxidising agent
A reagent that oxidises (takes electrons) from another species
28 of 29
Reducing agent
A reagent that reduces (adds electrons to) another species
29 of 29

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The number of protons in the nucleus. All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons.

Back

Atomic number (Z)

Card 3

Front

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The mass of an atom of an isotope compared with one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all Glossary of Key definitions resources »