AS AQA English Language and Literature Unit 2/ ELLA 2- Spoken Language

A set of key terminology definitions for unit 2 of AQA English Language and Literature specification A with examples from All My Sons- You don't need to be studying this play they're just examples so useful if you are.

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  • Created by: Jodie
  • Created on: 21-05-13 17:03
Acknowledgement
"Yeah" "Absolutely" "I agree"- Letting the other person know you are listening and agree.
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Adjacency Pair
A sequence of two turns. Question & Answer, Statement & agreement... "How many?" "Just about all of them."
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Assessment
"Oh Gee!" "Gee, Chris..."
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Back-channel behaviour / Continuer
Passing the turn back to someone."mmm..." "Yeah" "I know" "Right" "Ok" Gives them reassurance to continue.
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Chaining
Adjacency Piars linked together to form a full exchange
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Declarative
Type of sentence- statement. "He's that kind of boss."
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Dis-preffered social acts
Disagree,refuse, decline, "Deep, deep in your heart you've always been waiting for him." "No Kate."
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Dysphemism
Opposite of euphemism- Making something sound worse than it is. For example "idiot" is a dyphemism for unwise.
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Euphemism
Opposite of dysphemism- Making something sound better than it is. For example "to pass away" is a euphemism for "to die"
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Grice's Maxim of Manner
Clear, breif, orderly, avoids ambiguity.
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Grice's Maxim of Relation
Tries to be relevant
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Grice's Maxim of Quantity
Not too long and not too short- informative as possible and gives as much info as needed
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Grice's Maxim of Quality
Truthful, no false info that is not supported by evidennce
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Hedge
Word or phrase that makes a statement less forceful or assertive. sort of, maybe, slightly "You've put on a [little] weight,"
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Imperative
Type of sentence- instruction/order. "Explain it to me"
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Interrogative
Type of sentence- question. "What did you do?"
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Interjection
A short utterance that usually expresses emotion. "Oh, gee!"
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Interruption
Usually represented by ... For example "The girl is Larry's girl...""She's not Larry's girl."
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Newsmarker
"Really" "She never did."
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Liaison (NFF)
When 2 words are spoken quickly one after another so they merge together to form a new sound. For example "There is." might sound like "There ris"
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Pauses (NFF)
Gap in speech for example "Your mother...she's not getting a divorce, heh?"
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Fillers/ Voiced Pauses(NFF)
"erm" "umm" allow the speaker time to think about what they're going to say but don't want silence or to be interrupted
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False Start(NFF)
"Because your father is still...I mean he's a decent man after all is said and done." Recorrects themselves and starts again
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Backtracking(NFF)
Interrupting the current topic of conversation to introduce further information relevant to a topic previously discussed.
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Ellipsis(NFF)
"and I got a maid."- the "have" has been missed out.
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Non-Verbal Vocalisations
Laughter, coughs, breath sounds and "mhhmm..."
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Phatic Utterance
"Gonna rain tonight."
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Contraction
Cannot- Can't
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Deixis
Words such as "this" or "that" which refer backward, forwards or outside the text, understood because of context. "there's a lot of [them]."
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Discourse Markers
First, however, nevertheless- linking words/phrases
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Tag Question
"But that's what you mean, isn't it?"
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A sequence of two turns. Question & Answer, Statement & agreement... "How many?" "Just about all of them."

Back

Adjacency Pair

Card 3

Front

"Oh Gee!" "Gee, Chris..."

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Passing the turn back to someone."mmm..." "Yeah" "I know" "Right" "Ok" Gives them reassurance to continue.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Adjacency Piars linked together to form a full exchange

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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