A combination of large molecules made from chains of monomers (Smaller chemical units)
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Define Natural Polymers
Short fibres which need to be combed, lined up and twisted to form longer, usable lengths
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Give 3 or more examples of natural vegetable fibers
Cotton, Linen, Jute, Ramie and Sisal
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Give 3 or more examples of natural animal/hair fibers
Wool, Silk, Mohair, Cashmere and Angora
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Give 3 or more examples of regenerated fibers
Rayon/Viscose, Modal, Acetate
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How are regenerated fibers made?
1. dissolved in chemicals 2. Extruded through tiny holes in a spinneret 3. Put into an acid bath to produce fine continuous filaments of regenerated celluose
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How are Synthetic Fibers manufactured
They are manufactured from petrochemicals through the process of polymerisation
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What happens in Polymerisation?
1. the long chains of fiber-forming polymers are converted by solution or melted 2. Then they are extruded through spinnerets to form continuous filaments of synthetic fibres
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Name the 3 types of polymerisation
Addition, Condensation and Block Polymerisation
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What is Addition Polymerisation?
Where similar monomers are added to each other to form homopolymers
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Examples of fibers made by Addition Polymerisation
Acrylic, PVS and PTFE
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What is Condensation Polymerisation?
Where two different monomers are added together to form copolymers
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Examples of fibers made by Condensation Polymerisation
Polyamide and Polyester
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What is Block Polymerisation?
Where two different monomers are pre-formed into blocks and then added to each other to form Block co polymers E.g. Elastane
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Name the 3 types of polymers
Elastomers, Thermosetting and Thermoplastic
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Properties of Elastomers
Stetchy and can return to their original shape E.g. Elastane, Lycra/ Spandex
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Properties of Thermosetting Polymers
1.They have cross links between long chain molecules 2. seat with heat and can't be softened when re-heated 3. Not used for Textiles
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Properties of Thermoplastic Polymers
1. They are long chain molecules that don't have cross links 2. They soften when heated and become hard when cooled. They should be ironed with care. E.g. Acetate, Acrylic, Polyamide and Polyester
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Define Natural Polymers
Back
Short fibres which need to be combed, lined up and twisted to form longer, usable lengths
Card 3
Front
Give 3 or more examples of natural vegetable fibers
Back
Card 4
Front
Give 3 or more examples of natural animal/hair fibers
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