The distinct pronounciation patterns of a group of people
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Adjective
A word that modifies a noun
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Adverb
A word that modifies a verb, telling you where, how or when an action takes place
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Anthropomorphism
Imposing human qualities on the animals and objects around us
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Bound morpheme
A morpheme that does not exist as an independent word but adds meaning to a free morpheme (e.g. 'un', 'ful' 'ly' to 'help'
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Collocation
Two or more words that are often found together in a group of a phrase with a distinct meaning (e.g. fish and chips)
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Colloquial
Colloquial expressions are items of everyday language used in informal contexts
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Connotation
The associations that we have for a word or phrase
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Dialect
A style of language used within a particular geographical region
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Dysphemism
A direct form of language that doesn't attempt to disguise sensitive or difficult topics
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Ethnolect
A style of language thought to be characteristic of a particular ethnic group
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Euphemism
An indirect form of language that enables speakers to avoid mentioning something unpleasant or offensive
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Familect
A style of language used within a family
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Free morpheme
A morpheme that can exist as an independent word
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Genderlect
A style of language thought to be distinctive of either men or women
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Idiom
An expression whose meaning is not dependent on the meanings of the words it contains (e.g. something costs 'an arm and a leg')
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Inference
Using assumed knowledge in order to determine meaning
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Intonation
Tunes, created from variations in pitch, that convey meaning in the speech of a particular language
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Modifier
Add information (run quickly)
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Shibboleth
A language item used as a market or test of group membership
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Sociolect
A style of language used within a particular social group
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Syntax
How words are arranged, or the word order that is typical of a language
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Abstract nouns
Refer to ideas and concepts that only exist in the mind
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Accommodation
Where a speaker adapts to another speaker’s accent, dialect or sociolect
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Adjacency pair
A pair of utterances in a conversation that go together (greeting and reply, question and answer, etc)
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Article
A determiner such as ‘a’ or ‘the’
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Backchannelling
Supportive terms such as ‘oh’ and ‘really’
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Closer
Spoken expressions which are designed to close
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Diachronic change
Refers to the study of historical language occurring over a period
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Extra-linguistic variables
Factors that affect the way you speak (e.g. age, where you live, etc.)
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Framing
Controlling the agenda of a conversation (its direction and subject); or making utterances that encourage a child to fill in the blanks
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High-frequency lexis
Words that appear often in everyday speech
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Hypernym
Categories (e.g. pets, vehicles and sweets) are all hypernyms
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Hyponym
Examples within categories (e.g. pony, truck and sherbet lemons) are all hyponyms
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Number homophones
Where numbers are used to replace all or part of a word whose sound they resemble, usually within the context of an electronic text (e.g. ‘2’ for ‘to’ or ‘gr8’ for ‘great’)
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Polysemic
Describes a word with more than one meaning (e.g. ‘set’ can refer to ‘a set of cutlery’, ‘a tennis set’, what happens to jelly and so on)
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Semantic shift
The change in a meaning of a word
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A word that modifies a noun
Back
Adjective
Card 3
Front
A word that modifies a verb, telling you where, how or when an action takes place
Back
Card 4
Front
Imposing human qualities on the animals and objects around us
Back
Card 5
Front
A morpheme that does not exist as an independent word but adds meaning to a free morpheme (e.g. 'un', 'ful' 'ly' to 'help'
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