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6. halogenoalkane + OH (hot ethanolic KOH) =
- alkene via elimination
- alcohol via substitution
7. Elimination happens more readily in ________ halogenoalkanes
- secondary + tertiary
- primary
8. Why is a reflux condenser used to oxidise a primary alcohol
- to ensure once it oxidises into an aldehyde, it flows back down into the flask, where it oxidises again into a carboxylic acid
- to oxidise it to an aldehyde
9. A primary alcohol is oxidised to an ___________
- aldehyde..................and then to a carboxylic acid
- ketone
10. A tertiary alcohol is oxidised to a ___________
- ketone
- it does not oxidise
- carboxylic acid
- aldehyde
11. Substitution happens more readily in ________ halogenoalkanes
- primary
- secondary + tertiary
12. A primary alcohol is oxidised to an aldehyde ONLY if you carry out .......
13. halogenoalkane + water --->
- aldehyde + water
- alcohol + hydrogen cation + halide anion
- ketone + water
14. The nucleophile for halogenoalkanes + water is ______ and for +OH- it is _______
- water - hydroxide ion
- hydroxide ions in both
15. The rate of hydrolysis of different halogenoalkanes can be compared by......
- carrying out reaction in presence of silver ions
- measuring electronegativity
- reacting the mixture with H2SO4
16. Iodoalkanes are made by reacting alcohols with phosphorous bromide alone
- Incorrect - use a mixture of red phosphorous + iodine
- Correct
17. How do you prepare halogenoalkanes from alcohols?
- react with hydrogen halides at room temp (to produce halogenoalkanes). react with halogen elements to form dihalogenoalkanes
- react with phosphorous/hydrogen halides
- react with chlorine/bromine + heat/UV
18. Why are alcohols liquids at room temp
- stronger intermolecular forces from hydrogen bonds
- they have free OH groups in solution
- they are kept in cooler conditions
19. halogenoalkane + ammonia ----->
- primary amine + ammonium
- ketone
- aldehyde
20. how to distinguish between primary + secondary alcohols
- add acidified potassium dichromate
- use mild oxidation agents such as Benedict's or Fehling's
- heat them