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6. halogenoalkane + OH (hot ethanolic KOH) =

  • alkene via elimination
  • alcohol via substitution

7. Elimination happens more readily in ________ halogenoalkanes

  • secondary + tertiary
  • primary

8. Why is a reflux condenser used to oxidise a primary alcohol

  • to ensure once it oxidises into an aldehyde, it flows back down into the flask, where it oxidises again into a carboxylic acid
  • to oxidise it to an aldehyde

9. A primary alcohol is oxidised to an ___________

  • aldehyde..................and then to a carboxylic acid
  • ketone

10. A tertiary alcohol is oxidised to a ___________

  • ketone
  • it does not oxidise
  • carboxylic acid
  • aldehyde

11. Substitution happens more readily in ________ halogenoalkanes

  • primary
  • secondary + tertiary

12. A primary alcohol is oxidised to an aldehyde ONLY if you carry out .......

  • distillation
  • reluxing

13. halogenoalkane + water --->

  • aldehyde + water
  • alcohol + hydrogen cation + halide anion
  • ketone + water

14. The nucleophile for halogenoalkanes + water is ______ and for +OH- it is _______

  • water - hydroxide ion
  • hydroxide ions in both

15. The rate of hydrolysis of different halogenoalkanes can be compared by......

  • carrying out reaction in presence of silver ions
  • measuring electronegativity
  • reacting the mixture with H2SO4

16. Iodoalkanes are made by reacting alcohols with phosphorous bromide alone

  • Incorrect - use a mixture of red phosphorous + iodine
  • Correct

17. How do you prepare halogenoalkanes from alcohols?

  • react with hydrogen halides at room temp (to produce halogenoalkanes). react with halogen elements to form dihalogenoalkanes
  • react with phosphorous/hydrogen halides
  • react with chlorine/bromine + heat/UV

18. Why are alcohols liquids at room temp

  • stronger intermolecular forces from hydrogen bonds
  • they have free OH groups in solution
  • they are kept in cooler conditions

19. halogenoalkane + ammonia ----->

  • primary amine + ammonium
  • ketone
  • aldehyde

20. how to distinguish between primary + secondary alcohols

  • add acidified potassium dichromate
  • use mild oxidation agents such as Benedict's or Fehling's
  • heat them