It is used so that a new breed with desirable characteristics is made
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How long does it take for a new breed to be fully established?
Several generations
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How is artificial selection done with plants?
Plants are checked for desired characteristics & pollen is exchanged only between plants with these traits. This is repeated many times to establish the variety
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What are the problems that artificial selection can cause?
Alleles that used to be common could become rare and recessive (smaller gene pool) and disease could strike the entire breed if one organism can get it
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Why is artificial selection used in commercial animals?
It is so animals can yield more produce and look more aesthetically pleasing, partnered with specific traits for certain animals
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Why is artificial selection used in plants?
It is used so that they have bigger crop yield, grow faster, produce more seeds and gain immunity to diseases and pests
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What is the genome?
The entire set of genes or genetic material present in an organism
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What are GMOs and how are they made?
Genetically Modified Organisms have had their DNA changed by inserting another organism's gene(s) into their genome
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Which is more efficient: artificial selection or genetic engineering?
Genetic engineering is more efficient because while it costs more, it is much faster and you don't have to wait for several generations to pass before the change is solidified
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How are bacteria used in genetic engineering?
They contain loops of DNA called plasmids that can replicate inserted genes, which can then be extracted and used
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In gene manipulation, how is the gene that is going to be given to the host removed from the donor's genome?
Using a specific restriction enzyme
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In gene manipulation, after the donor's gene has been removed, how is the host's similar gene removed?
Using the same restriction enzyme as was used to remove the donor's gene
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In gene manipulation, what is the name of the host's new, altered genome?
Recombinant DNA
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In gene manipulation, what is the name of the enzyme that works as a glue when inserting the donor's gene into the host's genome?
Ligase
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Why are insecticides bad on the environment?
Insecticides killed every insect that touched it. The pests would be killed by it, but something would eat the pest, and they would get affected by the poison and so on. This was bad on the ecosystem
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How are insecticides being replaced?
The genes from natural insecticides (such as Bt Toxin) are being inserted into the genomes of the plants, so that only the pests that attack the plant will be affected
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How long does it take for a new breed to be fully established?
Back
Several generations
Card 3
Front
How is artificial selection done with plants?
Back
Card 4
Front
What are the problems that artificial selection can cause?
Back
Card 5
Front
Why is artificial selection used in commercial animals?
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