ARP CLASS TEST ONE

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  • Created by: EveQueens
  • Created on: 27-10-20 08:28
What is Climate
Climate is the average temperature over thirty years
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What is an isotope
An Isotope is an element with the same number protons but a different number of neutrons
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Tectonic phases
Embryo
Juvline
Mature
declining
Terminal
suturing
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What is the Embryonic phases
Rising magma causes Earth’s crust to begin to split (e.g. East African Rift Valley)
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What is the juvinelle hase
where a young parallel-sided ocean fills rift (e.g. Red Sea)
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What is the mature phase?
Continued spreading of the crust leads to the creation of an ocean basin & ridge system (e.g. the Atlantic Ocean)
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What is the declining stage
after basin expansion exceeds max. sustainable width, oldest point of oceanic crust sinks into mantle > trench subduction zone (e.g. W. Pacific Ocean)
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What is the terminal phase?
Subduction starts to outpace creation of new crust at ridge, ocean begins to contract & young mountains created at periphery of ocean (e.g. Mediterranean)
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What is the suturing phase
with complete closure of ocean, two continental margins collide & create a major phase of mountain uplift (e.g. Himalayas/Tibetan Plateau )
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Causes of sea-level change
1. Reservoirs
2. Thermal Expansion
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Reservoirs?
Small pockets of very very old water rise up from the Earths crust

Timmins, Ontario, Canada
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Thermal expansion
As the water heats up it expands.


The molecules get more energy, they loosen up and the expand

It is estimated for every 1°C increase in temperature sea-levels may rise by up to 0.6 m
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What is an unbalanced biotic community?
Not everything can travel might not be able to tolerate the marine environment.
• The types of species that have ended up on the island have gone through some sort of filtering process—only some can get there
• Colonization of islands by dispersal filter
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What is oxyegn18
heavey
oxygen16, is light so takes less enegrry to evaporate so therefore oxyegn 18 is more present in sea and oceans.

Foraminifera use oxygen 18 to form their shell
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What are some glacier landforms
Kettles
Drumlins
Fjords
Erratics
Eskers-single braided and braided
Moraines
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Glacier features
Stations
Till
Arêtes
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Eskers
are long sinious ridges of till that have came out beneath the ice, melt waters chahels occuing within the ice composed of silt and gravel
Created by meltwater flow beneath a glacier; form slightly sinuous ridges of sand & gravel;

Two types:
▪ Single r
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Moraines
At margins of glaciers debris rolls, falls, slides creating landforms called moraines

three types:
▪ Lateral: accumulations of sand & boulder-gravel created by traction of glacier against valley walls; accumulates along sides of the glacier
▪ Medial: wh
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Kettle Holes
Lumps of the ice break of and gets varied by melt water deposits
▪ Formation: in areas where ground has coarse + soft sediments, latter more prone to be moved by traction of glacier & accumulated down-stream as hill, Gun Island, Killard Point Kettle hole
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Drumlins
Smooth, oval-shaped hills composed variously of sands & gravels, till deposits Deposited under the ice
▪ Orientation = valuable info about direction & changes over time of ice flow; can help reconstruct extinct glaciers (Stokes et al. 2013)
▪ 5-50 m high
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What is the Artic
1. Arctic generally defined as region within Arctic Circle (blue line) of latitude 66° 33’ 44” North
▪ AC = lowest latitude at which Sun does not set on summer solstice
The longest day summer solstice-24hr sunlight
▪ Includes: Arctic Ocean – occupying
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Why did mammoths die out
Large enough population became resident to survive a few thousand yr (9-3.7 ka).
1. Evidence from these fossils suggest inbreeding or crossbreeding which lead to a loss of genetic diversity, (inbreeding lead to genetic faults) which ultimately gave rise t
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What is a mammoth steppe
During the Last Glacial Maximum, the mammoth steppe was the Earth’s most extensive biome. It spanned from Spain eastward across Eurasia to Canada and from the arctic islands southward to China.
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Card 2

Front

What is an isotope

Back

An Isotope is an element with the same number protons but a different number of neutrons

Card 3

Front

Tectonic phases

Back

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Card 4

Front

What is the Embryonic phases

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is the juvinelle hase

Back

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