What were the key characteristics of North America?
Mound builders, mounds were used for settlement, ritual, and burial. City sized settlements. Trade. Pueblos= houses and kivas. Compact settlements with road systems and irrigation. Trade.
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What was the settlement Snaketown like?
Moundbuilders - areas around mound complexes.
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What were the Mound builders?
Settlements with temple and burial mounds. Long houses. Trade. Large populations. First cities of North America.
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What was the settlement Cahokia like?
Largest ancient city excavated to the north of Mexico. More than 100 mounds.
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What was the settlement Pueblos like?
Compact houses with many floors. Kivas = central buildings, workshops, education children, storytelling and family ceremonies. Small ones used by families, larger for formal ceremonies.
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What was the settlement Chaco Canyon like?
Complex road system, comlicated system of water control with frains, gullies, and resevoirs.
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What was the settlement Pueblo Bonito like?
Five storeys high. 32 kivas. Housed about 1000 people. Some rooms sealed for burals.
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What was the settlement Mesa Verde like?
Separate settlements - cliff palace. Access gaine through holes in the roofs and ladders.
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What were burials like?
Mound builders within the mounds. Pueblos within houses. Both groups show differiential burials with grave goods. Both also suggest sacrifice.
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What caused the decline of North American civiliations?
Mound building continued until European colonisation. Pueblo settlements abandoned due to climatic change in 14th century. Tree rings show droughts.
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