Aquinas

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What is Aquinas' belief of right and wrong?
He believed we have an innate understanding of right and wrong.
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Outline Aristotles Four Causes.
Concerned with the essence of object, 1) Material cause (what object is made of). 2) Efficient cause (how object is made). 3) Formal cause (objects qualities). 4) Final cause (purpose of the object), most important because it explains it.
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What is eudaimonia?
Eudaimonia means perfection, 'seeking happiness through general all round wellbeing'. Perfection can only be reached once the purpose of the object is fulfilled.
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Aquinas applies final cause to humans, what did he believe?
He believed humans are made in the image of God, therefore seeking union with God is the final cause, that is our purpose.
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What was Aquinas basic moral law underpinning all laws?
'Good is to be done and pursued and evil is to be avoided'.
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Discuss Aquinas' opinion on our power of reason?
He believes it raises us above others and enables us to achieve our purpose. We can find the right course of action. By using reason we are putting ourselves in touch with Natural Law.
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Discuss the four parts of hierarchal moral code stretching down from God?
1) Eternal Law (mind of Gods humans cant know) 2) Divine Law (law of god revealed through the bible) 3) Natural Law (human nature, direct our conscience) 4) Human Law (everyday rules, like legal system).
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Can non-christians achieve their purpose?
They are missing the Divine Law, however they still have the power of reason, so although it is more difficult, it is still possible to reach perfection.
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Define apparent good and real good?
Apparent good is when an individual believes something is good when it isn't. But real good, is the correct judgement. But how do we know what the correct judgement is?
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List Aquinas' five primary precepts.
Preservation of life, reproduction, educating the young, worshipping god, and living in a society.
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List a secondary precept for every primary precept.
Preservation of life - do not commit suicide, reproduction - do not use contraception, educating the young - education is compulsory, worshipping god - sunday is for worship, living in a society - build more houses.
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List three positives for Natural Law
1) Could be considered absolutist because of primary precepts, so easy to apply, and a firm moral foundation. 2) Secondary precepts are relativist, so accommodates different cultures. 3) most people believe in the five primary precepts.
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List two negatives for Natural Law
1) Secondary precepts are not absolutist. 2) Difficult to relate basic principles to complex decisions.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Outline Aristotles Four Causes.

Back

Concerned with the essence of object, 1) Material cause (what object is made of). 2) Efficient cause (how object is made). 3) Formal cause (objects qualities). 4) Final cause (purpose of the object), most important because it explains it.

Card 3

Front

What is eudaimonia?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Aquinas applies final cause to humans, what did he believe?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was Aquinas basic moral law underpinning all laws?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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