By replicating inside a cell and then bursting out of the cell. This damages the cell.
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Is virus a cell?
No
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What does a virus have that a bacteria doesn't?
Protein coat
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What are the defence system in a human body?
Skin plus hair and mucus in the respiratory tract, platelets and white blood cells.
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What are the three ways white blood cells can kill pathogens?
Consuming, producing antibodies and producing antitoxins.
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What are antibodies made of?
Proteins
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When does white blood cells produce antibodies?
When it come across a foreign antigen.
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What is an antigen?
A molecule that a pathogen has.
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Is cholera caused by virus or bacteria?
Bacteria
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Is MRSA caused by virus or bacteria?
Bacteria
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Is polio caused by virus or bacteria?
Virus
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What does a vaccine contain?
A dead or inactive pathogens.
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Which pathogens are vaccine given to?
Bacteria and Virus
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How does vaccine provide immunity?
White blood cells will produce antibodies to fight the dead or inactive microbes. If the same living pathogen comes the white blood cells will immediately recognize the pathogen and produce antibodies rapidly.
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What is in the dead or inactive pathogen that stimulates the immune system?
Antigens
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What will be given if the vaccine wears off and why?
A booster injection to increase the level of antibodies.
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Why are pros of having a vaccine?
Have helped control lots of infectious diseases that were once common. Also prevent epidemics of the disease.
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What are cons of having a vaccine?
Doesn't always work so won't give immunity and sometimes might cause bad reactions but bad reactions are very rare.
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Name the type of drugs used to relieve symptoms and give an example.
Painkillers like aspirin.
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Name the type of drugs used to cure the diseases and give an example.
Antibiotics like penicillin.
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How does the antibiotics cure the disease?
By killing the bacteria or preventing it from growing.
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Why are antibiotics not used for viruses?
Since viruses reproduce inside a body cell it would be difficult to develop a antibiotic that can kill the virus without damaging the host cell.
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What are resistant bacteria?
Resistant bacteria is a mutated bacteria that cannot be killed by the antibiotic prescribed for it originally. It is resistant to that antibiotic.
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What can doctors do to prevent resistant bacterial strains from developing?
They can avoid over prescribing antibiotics.
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Name a well known serious infection caused by resistant bacterial strains that cannot be killed by methicillin.
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