The number of nuclei of the isotope that disintegrate per second. Measured in becquerels (Bq)
Activity
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Change in an unstable nucleus when it emits an alpha particle
Alpha Decay
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The unified atomic mass constant, 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 isotope.
Atomic Mass Unit
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The average work done per nucleon to separate a nucleus into its constituent parts.
Binding Energy Per Nucleon
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The random and unpredictable motion of a particle caused by molecules of surrounding substance colliding at random with the particle
Brownian Motion
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The work that must be done to separate a nucleus into its constituent neutrons and protons
Binding Energy of a Nucleus
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A series of reactions in which each reaction causes a further reaction.
Chain Reaction
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The number of counts per unit time detected by a Geiger Muller tube.
Count Rate
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The minimum mass of the fissile isotope in a nuclear reactor necessary to produce a chain reaction.
Critical Mass
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The probability of an individual nucleus decaying per second
Decay Constant
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Radiation due to naturally occurring radioactive substances in the environment.
Background Radiation
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For a fixed mass of gas at a constant temperature, its pressure x its volume is constant
Boyles Law
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Electrons emitted by unstable neutron-rich nuclei, easily absorbed by paper and less ionising than alpha radiation.
Beta Radiation
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For an ideal gas at constant pressure, its volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature
Charles Law
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the lowest possible temperature, the temperature at which an object has minimum internal energy
Absolute Zero
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The splitting of a U-235 nucleus into two approximately equal fragments
Fission
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The fusing together of light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus
Fusion
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Electromagnetic radiation emitted by an unstable nucleus when it becomes more stable
Gamma Radiation
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A gas under conditions such that it obeys Boyle's Law
Ideal Gas
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Radiation that produces ions in the substances it passes through. It damages vital molecules and destroys cell membranes.
Ionising Radiation
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Atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Isotopes
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The energy needed to change the state of a solid to a liquid without change of temperature.
Latent Heat of Fusion
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The energy needed to change the state of a liquid to vapour without changing the temperature.
Latent Heat of Vaporisation
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The difference between the mass of the separated nucleons and the mass of the nucleus.
Mass Defect
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The temperature at which a pure substance melts.
Melting Point
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Substance in a thermal nuclear reactor that slows down fission neutrons so they can go on to cause further fission.
Moderator
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The mass of one mole of a substance.
Molar Mass
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Nuclear reactor which has a moderator in the core.
Thermal Nuclear Reactor
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Force that holds the nucleons together.
Strong Nuclear Force
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The change of state when a solid directly changes to a vapour.
Sublimation
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The degree of hotness of an object.
Temperature
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For a fixed mass of an ideal gas at constant volume, its pressure is directly constant to its absolute temperature.
Pressure Law
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A neutron or a proton in the nucleus.
Nucleon
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Rods made of a neutron-absorbing substance such as boron that are moved in and out of a thermal nuclear reactor core to control the rate of fission events.
Control Rods
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A fluid used to prevent a machine or device from becoming dangerously hot.
Coolant
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The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of the substance by 1K without change of state.
Specific Heat Capacity
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Change in an unstable nucleus when it emits an alpha particle
Back
Alpha Decay
Card 3
Front
The unified atomic mass constant, 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 isotope.
Back
Card 4
Front
The average work done per nucleon to separate a nucleus into its constituent parts.
Back
Card 5
Front
The random and unpredictable motion of a particle caused by molecules of surrounding substance colliding at random with the particle
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