Aqa Physics

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What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed into another type of energy
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What happens to wasted energy?
It is dissipated
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Examples of Renewable Energy
Sun; Wind; Tidal; HEP; Geothermal
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Examples of Finite Resources
Fossil Fuels - Coal, Oil & Gas; Nuclear
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What is charge?
Value for electricity flowing in a circuit
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What is current?
Flow of electrons
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What is potential difference?
pushes current around
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What is resistance?
Slows down current
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Where are thermistors used?
Central Heating
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How do Thermistors work?
only lets current flow at certain temperatures
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Where are street lights used?
street lights & security lights
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What is the potential difference of Mains electricity?
230V
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What is the frequency of Main Electricity?
50Hz
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What colour is the live wire?
Brown
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What colour is the neutral wire?
Blue
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What is the potential difference of the live wire?
230V
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What is Density?
Density is mass in a set volume
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What is specific heat capacity?
How much energy required to raise temperature of 1kg by 1 degrees celcius
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What is specific latent heat
The amount of energy needed to change a substance from a solid to a liquid at the melting point
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What subatomic particles are in the nucleus?
Protons & Neutrons
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What is the mass number?
The number of protons & neutrons
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What is the Atomic number?
the no. of protons & electrons
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What is an alpha particle?
helium nuclei - consists of two protons & two neutrons
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What is beta radiation?
a high speed electron ejected from the nucleus as a neutron turns into a proton
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What is a gamma ray?
EM radiation from the nucleus
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Which radiation is the most ionising?
Alpha Particles (Helium nuclei)
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Which radiation is highly penetrating?
Gamma rays
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What measures radiation?
Geiger-Muller tube
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What material stops Beta radiation?
Foil
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What material stops alpha particles (helium nuclei)?
Paper/skin
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What material stops gamma radiation?
Lead
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What is half-life?
the time it takes for half the radioactive atoms to decay
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What is static electricity?
Insulators rubbing together; movement of electrons; shock when charge gets reset
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What is gamma radiation used for?
Chemotherapy & Sterilising materials
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What is beta radiation used for?
Testing thickness in foil & medical tracers
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What is alpha radiation used for?
Smoke Alarms
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What is nuclear fission?
The splitting of a large and unstable nucleus
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What is nuclear fusion?
the joining of two light nuclei to form a heavier nucelus
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What is Irradiation?
When objects are exposed to nuclear radiation - the object does not become radioactive
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What is contamination?
The unwanted presence of materials containing radioactive atoms on other materials
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Where does background radiation come from?
Natural Sources - rocks & cosmic rays from space; Mam-made sources e.g nuclear radiation
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How is nuclear fission controlled?
The chain reaction is controlled in a nuclear reactor to control the energy released.
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How do smoke alarms work?
Alpha particles are easily absorbed. The smoke alarm measures the movement of alpha particles across a small gap. If smoke enters the detector, it will absorb the alphas and the detector will measure a drop in the number getting across the gap.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What happens to wasted energy?

Back

It is dissipated

Card 3

Front

Examples of Renewable Energy

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Examples of Finite Resources

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is charge?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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