AQA History 'The Cold War' Key Dates

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February 1945 - Yalta Conference
Churchill, Roosevelt & Stalin meet to discuss the end of WWII. Topics include: Partitioning of Germany, Fate of Poland, The United Nations, German reparations
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May 1948 - VE Day
German Soldiers surrender to Russian forces
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July 1945 - Potsdam Conference
Formally divided Germany into four zones, with capital Berlin, also being divided up
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August 1945 - Hiroshima and Nagasaki
USA drop 2 atomic bombs on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
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August 1945 - VJ Day
Japan Surrender from US Forces, marking the end of WWII
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March 1946 - Churchill's 'Sinews of Peace'
Churchill delivers famous 'Sinews of Peace' speech which contains famous phrase "An Iron Curtain has descended on Europe
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March 1947 - Truman Doctrine
President Truman sets out plan to help any country under threat of communist invasion
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June 1947 - Marshall Aid
US programme giving financial aid to European Countries. Stalin rejected any Eastern Block Countries from receiving aid
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September 1947 - Cominform
USSR set up Cominform (Communist Information Bureau) which was responsible for creating the Eastern Block
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June 1948 - West Germany
UK, USA and French sectors of Germany merge to create 'West Germany'
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June 1948 - Berlin Blockade
Russian response to formation of West Germany. Blocked access to Western side of Berlin. Led to US & UK flying in food and resources; this became known as the 'Berlin Airlift'
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May 1949 - End of Berlin Blockade
USSR End blockade of Berlin
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April 1949 - NATO Formed
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) was formed containing Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States
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March 1953 - Death of Stalin
Joseph Stalin dies, to be succeeded by Nikita Krushchev
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May 1955 - Warsaw Pact
The Warsaw Pact was signed uniting East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria, and the Soviet Union.
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October 1956 - Hungarian Revolution
Anti-Communist revolution occurs in Budapest. Soviet Tanks entered on 24th October, before leaving 4 days after. A new government was formed promoting a freer way of life. Soviet tanks returned on 4th November before Hungary fell on 10th November
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1960 - Paris Talks
American U2 spy plane shot down over Russian airspace leading to talks between Khrushchev and Eisenhower over relations
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April 1961 - Bay of Pigs invasion
Cuban exiles trained by CIA, aided by US government attempt to overthrow Cuban Communist leader Fidel Castro. Attempt fails
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August 1961 - Berlin Wall
Wall is put up splitting Berlin. East and West German borders also closed off
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October 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis
US spy plane spots Soviet missile base in Cuba. US Naval blockade was set up and demanded removal of Missile. On 28th October USSR agreed to removed Missile in return of USA not invading Cuba
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October 1964 - Fall of Khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev removed from office to be replaced by Leonid Brezhnev
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August 1968 - Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia
Warsaw Pact forces enter Czechoslovakia due to reforms made by Leader Alexander Dubcek, known as 'The Prague Spring'
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July 1969 - Apollo 11
US rocket 'Apollo 11' was first rocket to land on the moon, with Neil Armstrong being the first Human to walk on the moon
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September 1971 - Four Power Agreement
Soviet Union, United Kingdom, United States and France reconfirmed the rights and responsibilities of the countries in accordance to Berlin
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May 1972 - SALT
SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty) signed between USSR and USA
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July 1975 - Soyuz-Apollo Test Project
A joint-space venture between the USA & USSR ending the 'space race'
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December 1979 - Afganistan
Soviet Invasion of communist Afganistan
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July 1980 - Moscow Olympics Boycott
A Number of countries including the US boycotted the Moscow games as a protest to the Soviet Invasion of Afganistan
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June 1982 - START
President Reagan proposed START (Strategic Arms Reduction Talks) at Geneva Summit
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July 1984 - LA Olympics Boycott
Eastern Block countries boycotted American Olympics in retaliation of Moscow Boycott
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March 1985 - Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev becomes leader of Soviet Union
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June 1987 - Glasnost and Perestroika
Gorbachev introduces policies of 'Glasnost' meaning 'Openness', and 'Perestroika' meaning 'Restructuring' He also wanted to allow free elections and end the arms race
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February 1989 - Retreat from Afganistan
Last remaining Soviet soldiers removed from Afganistan
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November 1989 - End of Berlin Wall
The Berlin wall is torn down, not to be replaced
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December 1989 - Malta Summit
Beginning of the end of the Cold War. Meeting between Gorbachev and George Bush reversing many of the provisions set in Yalta Conference (1945)
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October 1990 - German Reunification
East and West Germany unified for 1st time since 1945
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July 1991 - End of Warsaw Pact
Warsaw Pact ended, stopping connection between communist countries
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July 1991 - START signed
START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) was signed by Russia and USA
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December 1991 - Gorbachev resigned
Mikhail Gorbachev resigned from position as leader of USSR.
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December 1991 - End of USSR
Russia formally recognises end of Soviet Union
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

German Soldiers surrender to Russian forces

Back

May 1948 - VE Day

Card 3

Front

Formally divided Germany into four zones, with capital Berlin, also being divided up

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

USA drop 2 atomic bombs on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Japan Surrender from US Forces, marking the end of WWII

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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